Criminalization of migration is the increasing trend of dealing with immigration using criminal law, as opposed to regulating it with administrative procedures. Alongside an imposition of criminal penalties for actions relating to migration, there is also increased incarceration of people crossing borders without authorization.[1][2] In an Oxford University Press book, Professor Cathryn Costello argues that criminalization of migration does not meet the classic liberal principles of criminalization and there are compelling arguments against it.[3] According to economist Walter Block, illegal immigration is a victimless crime from a libertarian perspective.[4]
^De Giorgi, Alessandro (April 2010). "Immigration control, post-Fordism, and less eligibility: A materialist critique of the criminalization of immigration across Europe". Punishment & Society. 12 (2): 147–167. doi:10.1177/1462474509357378.
^Marin, Luisa; Spena, Alessandro (17 June 2016). "Introduction: The Criminalization of Migration and European (Dis)Integration" (PDF). European Journal of Migration and Law. 18 (2): 147–156. doi:10.1163/15718166-12342096. ISSN 1388-364X.
^Costello, Cathryn (2020). "Victim or Perpetrator? The Criminal Migrant and the Idea of 'Harm' in a Labour Market Context". Criminality at Work. Oxford University Press. pp. 309–326.
^Block, Walter (2008). Labor Economics From A Free Market Perspective: Employing The Unemployable. World Scientific. p. 176. ISBN 978-981-4475-86-0.
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