"Citizen" redirects here. For other uses, see Citizen (disambiguation).
Legal status of persons
Birthright
Birthplace
Aboard aircraft and ships
Jus sanguinis
Jus soli
Birth tourism
Nationality
Citizenship
missing
multiple
transnational
Naturalization
Ius Doni
Oath
Test
Law
Lost citizenship
denaturalized
renounced
Immigration
Alien
Enemy
Criminalization of migration
Diplomatic protection
Illegal
Law
Permanent residency
Refugee
Right to homeland
Voluntary return
Identity cleansing
Right of return
v
t
e
Citizenship is a membership and allegiance to a sovereign state.[1]
Though citizenship is often legally conflated with nationality in today's Anglo-Saxon world,[2][3][4] international law does not usually use the term citizenship to refer to nationality,[5][6] these two notions being conceptually different dimensions of collective membership.[7]
Generally citizenships have no expiration and allow persons to work, reside and vote in the polity, as well as identify with the polity, possibly acquiring a passport. Though through discriminatory laws, like disfranchisement and outright apartheid citizens have been made second-class citizens. Historically, populations of states were mostly subjects,[1] while citizenship was a particular status which originated in the rights of urban populations, like the rights of the male public of cities and republics, particularly ancient city-states, giving rise to a civitas and the social class of the burgher or bourgeoisie. Since then states have expanded the status of citizenship to most of their national people, while the extent of citizen rights remain contested.
^"Citizenship and Participation — Manual for Human Rights Education with Young people". Manual for Human Rights Education with Young people. 2011-08-23. Retrieved 2023-10-03.
^Votruba, Martin. "Nationality, ethnicity in Slovakia". Slovak Studies Program. University of Pittsburgh. Archived from the original on 2014-09-25. Retrieved 2013-04-23.
^Nationality and Statelessness: A Handbook for Parliamentarians(PDF). UNHCR and IPU. 2005. Retrieved 2020-07-16.
^"International Migration Law No. 34 - Glossary on Migration" (PDF). International Organization for Migration: 143–144. 2019-06-19. ISSN 1813-2278.
^Rütte, Barbara von (2022-12-19), "Citizenship and Nationality: Terms, Concepts and Rights", The Human Right to Citizenship, Brill Nijhoff, pp. 11–57, ISBN 978-90-04-51752-3, retrieved 2023-11-27
^Sassen, Saskia (2002). "17. Towards Post-National and Denationalized Citizenship". In Isin, Engin F.; Turner, Bryan S. (eds.). Handbook of Citizenship Studies. SAGE Publications. p. 278. ISBN 978-0-7619-6858-0. Archived from the original on 2021-09-30. Retrieved 2016-05-06.
Citizenship is a membership and allegiance to a sovereign state. Though citizenship is often legally conflated with nationality in today's Anglo-Saxon...
Multiple citizenship (or multiple nationality) is a person's legal status in which a person is at the same time recognized by more than one country under...
Global citizenship is the idea that one's identity transcends geography or political borders and that responsibilities or rights are derived from membership...
Citizenship of the United States is a legal status that entails Americans with specific rights, duties, protections, and benefits in the United States...
India and the Citizenship Act, 1955. All persons born in India between 26 January 1950 and 1 July 1987 automatically received citizenship by birth regardless...
Citizenship in ancient Rome (Latin: civitas) was a privileged political and legal status afforded to free individuals with respect to laws, property,...
Citizenship education may refer to: Citizenship education (immigrants), education intended to prepare noncitizens to become legally and socially accepted...
related to citizenship for the 2020 census: "Is this person a citizen of the United States?". For the 2020 census, Ross told Congress the citizenship numbers...
History of citizenship describes the changing relation between an individual and the state, known as citizenship. Citizenship is generally identified not...
Citizenship of the Mercosur is granted to eligible citizens of the Southern Common Market member states. It was approved in 2010 through the Citizenship...
Birthright citizenship may refer to: Jus soli (the right of the soil or the land), a Latin term meaning that one's nationality is determined by the place...
Renunciation of citizenship is the voluntary loss of citizenship. It is the opposite of naturalization, whereby a person voluntarily obtains citizenship. It is...
Israeli citizenship law details the conditions by which a person holds citizenship of Israel. The two primary pieces of legislation governing these requirements...
A citizenship test is an examination, written or oral, required to achieve citizenship in a country. The requirements of a citizenship test is a method...
colonial empire. The principal class of British nationality is British citizenship, which is associated with the British Islands. British nationals associated...
Russian citizenship law details the conditions by which a person holds citizenship of Russia. The primary law governing citizenship requirements is the...
national of Canada. The primary law governing these regulations is the Citizenship Act, which came into force on February 15, 1977 and is applicable to...
of Italy governing the acquisition, transmission and loss of Italian citizenship. Like many continental European countries it is largely based on jus...
International Organization for Migration of the United Nations excludes citizenship that is automatically acquired (e.g. at birth) or is acquired by declaration...
Economic citizenship can be used to represent both the economic contributions requisite to become a citizen as well as the role in which one's economic...
European Union citizenship is afforded to all nationals of member states of the European Union (EU). It was formally created with the adoption of the...
U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) is an agency of the United States Department of Homeland Security (DHS) that administers the country's...
The Citizenship Clause is the first sentence of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, which was adopted on July 9, 1868, which states:...
Citizenship in North Korea is a status given to individuals recognized as North Korean by the government of the country. It is a source of shared national...
a child would otherwise be stateless. Foreign nationals may acquire citizenship by naturalization after living in the country for at least five years...
The Minister of Multiculturalism and Citizenship was an office in the Cabinet of Canada from 1991 to 1996 and from 2013 and 2015. It was superseded in...
Emirati nationality law governs citizenship eligibility in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The law is primarily jus sanguinis. Foreigners who meet certain...
Global Information