This article is about persons lacking state affiliation. For other uses, see Stateless (disambiguation).
Status of a person who is not a citizen/national of any internationally recognized country
Ethnic group
Statelessness
Total population
4.4 million[1] (2022, est.)
Regions with significant populations
Bangladesh
952,300 registered[1]
Côte d'Ivoire
931,100 registered[1]
Myanmar
630,000 registered[1]
Thailand
574,200 registered[1]
Legal status of persons
Birthright
Birthplace
Aboard aircraft and ships
Jus sanguinis
Jus soli
Birth tourism
Nationality
Citizenship
missing
multiple
transnational
Naturalization
Ius Doni
Oath
Test
Law
Lost citizenship
denaturalized
renounced
Immigration
Alien
Enemy
Criminalization of migration
Diplomatic protection
Illegal
Law
Permanent residency
Refugee
Right to homeland
Voluntary return
Identity cleansing
Right of return
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e
In international law, a stateless person is someone who is "not considered as a national by any state under the operation of its law".[2] Some stateless people are also refugees. However, not all refugees are stateless, and many people who are stateless have never crossed an international border.[3] At the end of 2022, the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees estimated 4.4 million people worldwide as either stateless or of undetermined nationality, 90,800 (+2%) more than at the end of 2021.
The status of a person who might be stateless ultimately depends on the viewpoint of the state with respect to the individual or a group of people. In some cases, the state makes its view clear and explicit; in others, its viewpoint is harder to discern. In those cases, one may need to rely on prima facie evidence of the view of the state, which in turn may give rise to a presumption of statelessness.[4]
^ abcde"Global Trends Report 2022" (PDF). UNHCR global. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 7, 2023. Retrieved October 11, 2023.
^Refugees, United Nations High Commissioner for. "Refworld | The 1954 Convention relating to the Status of Stateless Persons: Implementation within the European Union Member States and Recommendations for Harmonisation". Refworld. Archived from the original on August 12, 2021. Retrieved July 29, 2021.
^Hovy, Bela (2011). Bhabha, Jacqueline (ed.). Human Rights and Citizenship: The Need for Better Data and What to Do about It. Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States: MIT Press. p. 90. ISBN 9780262015271. Retrieved August 11, 2014. People who reside in their country of birth, have never crossed a border, but have never had their birth registered by the state—the effectively stateless, in Jacqueline Bhabha's terminology—also resemble refugees in their relative rightlessness.{{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
^"De Jure Statelessness in the Real World: Applying the Prato Summary Conclusions". Open Society Foundations. Archived from the original on March 10, 2012. Retrieved November 18, 2011.
forum on statelessness. The European Network on Statelessness, a civil society alliance, was set up to address the problem of 600,000 stateless persons...
A stateless nation is an ethnic group or nation that does not possess its own sovereign state. Use of the term implies that the nation has the right to...
A stateless society is a society that is not governed by a state. In stateless societies, there is little concentration of authority. Most positions of...
group of people without a nation-state Stateless society, a society that is not governed by a state Statelessness, the legal and social concept applicable...
the country is awarded nationality of that country. Statelessness is defined by the 1954 Statelessness Convention as "a person who is not considered a national...
that lacks any definition Undefined citizenship, a post-Soviet form of statelessness in Estonia Null (disambiguation) Void (disambiguation) Invalid (disambiguation)...
Reduction of Statelessness is a 1961 United Nations multilateral treaty whereby sovereign states agree to reduce the incidence of statelessness. The Convention...
"Understanding statelessness in the Syria refugee context". NRC. McGee, Thomas (June 2016). "Statelessness Displaced: Update on Syria's Stateless Kurds" (PDF)...
A stateless protocol is a communication protocol in which the receiver must not retain session state from previous requests. The sender transfers relevant...
any content about the status of stateless persons and there was no protocol regarding measures to reduce statelessness. On 26 April 1954, ECOSOC adopted...
Service statelessness is a design principle that is applied within the service-orientation design paradigm, in order to design scalable services by separating...
portal Society portal List of anarchist communities Stateless society Stateless nation Statelessness Cudworth, Erika (2007). The Modern State: Theories...
(February 2021). "Critical sociolinguistic ethnography as a lens to statelessness: a case from the Bidoon community in Kuwait". Archived from the original...
1954 Convention Relating to the Status of Stateless Persons 1961 Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness Nansen passport Travel document Blitz, Brad...
European Network on Statelessness (also known as ENS) is a non-governmental organisation working to eradicate statelessness in Europe. It is a network...
(2020). "Rainbow statelessness - between sexual citizenship and legal theory: Exploring the statelessness-LGBTIQ+ nexus". Statelessness & Citizenship Review...
will promptly recognize the child of an American mother as a citizen. Statelessness can occur, which prevents human beings health care rights, education...
many cases helps prevent statelessness. Countries that have acceded to the 1961 Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness are obligated to grant nationality...
Law without the state (also called transnational stateless law, stateless law, or private legal orderings) is law made primarily outside of the power of...
centralized political structures. These are sometimes referred to as stateless societies. In ancient history, civilizations did not have definite boundaries...
public administration, justice system, and education. Foreign citizens and stateless persons who live in Romania have access to justice and education in their...
2020. Michna, Ewa; Warmińska, Katarzyna (2020). Identity Strategies of Stateless Ethnic Minority Groups in Contemporary Poland. Cham: Springer International...
Balkans) By style By country and ethnicity Albania (performers) Aromanians (stateless) Bosnia and Herzegovina (performers) Bulgaria (performers) Croatia (performers)...
1101(a)(20) of title 8." Alien (law) Nationality Immigration Naturalization Statelessness Third country national "Foreign nationals". Federal Election Commission...
(TNE), transnational corporation (TNC), international corporation, or stateless corporation, – with subtle but contrasting senses) is a corporate organization...
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