Overview of chromosome duplication in the cell cycle
In cell biology, eukaryotes possess a regulatory system that ensures that DNA replication occurs only once per cell cycle.
A key feature of the DNA replication mechanism in eukaryotes is that it is designed to replicate relatively large genomes rapidly and with high fidelity. Replication is initiated at multiple origins of replication on multiple chromosomes simultaneously so that the duration of S phase is not limited by the total amount of DNA.[1] This flexibility in genome size comes at a cost: there has to be a high-fidelity control system that coordinates multiple replication origins so that they are activated only once during each S phase. If this were not the case, daughter cells might inherit an excessive amount of any DNA sequence, which could lead to many harmful effects.[2]
^Diffley, J.F. (2008). "Regulation of Early Events in Chromosome Replication". Curr. Biol. 14 (18): R778–R786. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2004.09.019. PMID 15380092.
^Kearsey, S.E.; Cotteril, S. (2003). "Enigmatic variations: divergent modes of regulating eukaryotic DNA replication". Mol. Cell. 12 (5): 1067–1075. doi:10.1016/S1097-2765(03)00441-6. PMID 14636567.
and 21 Related for: Control of chromosome duplication information
multiple origins of replication on multiple chromosomes simultaneously so that the duration of S phase is not limited by the total amount of DNA. This flexibility...
accurate duplicationof DNA by semiconservative replication prior to cell division to ensure each daughter cell receives the full complement ofchromosomes. This...
within the termination region of the chromosome. Within eukaryotes, DNA replication is controlled within the context of the cell cycle. As the cell grows...
six pairs ofchromosomes, yet V. faba chromosomes are many times larger. These differences probably reflect different amounts of DNA duplication. Differences...
Segmental duplication Tandem exon duplication Virtual karyotype McCarroll SA, Altshuler DM (July 2007). "Copy-number variation and association studies of human...
copy of each chromosome (haploid). Additionally, prior to the division, genetic material from the paternal and maternal copies of each chromosome is crossed...
X chromosome or are partially missing an X chromosome (sex chromosome monosomy). Most people have two sex chromosomes (XX or XY). The chromosomal abnormality...
also called marker chromosome 15 syndrome, idic(15), partial tetrasomy 15q, or inverted duplication 15 (inv dup 15), is a chromosome abnormality in which...
is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of a third copy of all or part ofchromosome 18. Many parts of the body are affected. Babies are often born...
Chromosome 21 is one of the 23 pairs ofchromosomes in humans. Chromosome 21 is both the smallest human autosome and chromosome, with 45 million base...
part of a larger cell cycle in which the cell grows and replicates its chromosome(s) before dividing. In eukaryotes, there are two distinct types of cell...
Chromosome 15 is one of the 23 pairs ofchromosomes in humans. People normally have two copies of this chromosome. Chromosome 15 spans about 99.7 million...
families which duplicate to form superfamilies spanning multiple chromosomes. Whole genome duplication doubles the number of copies of every gene and...
DNA polymerase epsilon is a member of the DNA polymerase family of enzymes found in eukaryotes. It is composed of the following four subunits: POLE (central...
A pair of homologous chromosomes, or homologs, is a set of one maternal and one paternal chromosome that pair up with each other inside a cell during fertilization...
chromosomes are duplicated or deleted. More specifically, CIN refers to the increase in rate of addition or loss of entire chromosomes or sections of...
case of a mosaicism (see below), or if the normal number ofchromosomes is restored via duplicationof the single monosomic chromosome ("chromosome rescue")...
intellectual disability. The cause of M2DS is a duplicationof the MECP2 or Methyl CpG binding protein 2 gene located on the X chromosome (Xq28). The MeCP2 protein...
recombination to cause chromosomal abnormalities including the duplication, deletion, rearrangement or inversion of large sections of a chromosome. Additionally...
Chromosomal crossover, or crossing over, is the exchange of genetic material during sexual reproduction between two homologous chromosomes' non-sister...
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