Conservative democracy information

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Key texts The Caliphate or the Grand Imamate (Rashīd Rīďha 1922) Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam (Iqbal 1930s) Principles of State and Government (Asad 1961) Ma'alim fi al-Tariq ("Milestones") (Qutb 1965) Islamic Government: Governance of the Jurist ("Velayat-e faqih") (Khomeini 1970)
Heads of state Ali Khamenei Omar al-Bashir Muammar Gaddafi Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Ruhollah Khomeini Mohamed Morsi Zia ul-Haq Ziaur Rahman Alija Izetbegović A.P.J Abdul Kalam Mohammed Omar House of Saud House of Thani Hibatullah Akhundzada
Key ideologues Muhammad Abduh Jamāl al-Dīn al-Afghānī Qazi Hussain Ahmad Muhammad Nasiruddin al-Albani Muhammad Asad Hassan al-Banna Rached Ghannouchi Safwat Hegazi Muhammad Iqbal Ali Khamenei Ruhollah Khomeini Necip Fazıl Kısakürek Abul A'la Maududi Abul Hasan Nadwi Taqi al-Din al-Nabhani Yusuf al-Qaradawi Sayyid Qutb Tariq Ramadan Ata Abu Rashta Rashid Rida Navvab Safavi Ali Shariati Haji Shariatullah Hassan Al-Turabi Ahmed Yassin Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab
Criticism of Islamism Criticism of Islamism Criticism of Islam Liberal and reform movements within Islam in Europe in North America Khaled Abu al-Fadl Farag Foda Abdelwahab Meddeb Maryam Namazie Maajid Nawaaz Olivier Roy Bassam Tibi
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Conservative democracy (Turkish: muhafazakâr demokrasi) is a label coined by the ruling Justice and Development Party (AKP) of Turkey to describe Islamic democracy.^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5] Forming as a modernist breakaway party from former Islamist movements, the AKP's conservative democratic ideology has been described as a departure from or moderation of Islamic democracy and the endorsement of more secular and democratic values. The electoral success and the neo-Ottoman foreign policy of the AKP that aims to broaden Turkey's regional influence has led to the party's conservative democratic ideals to be mirrored in other countries, such as by the Justice and Development Party in Morocco and the Ennahda Movement in Tunisia.^[6]^[7]^[8]

In its broadest sense, the term conservative democracy highlights the compatibility of Islam with democracy, a Western-oriented foreign policy, neoliberal economics and secularism within government.^[7]^[9] Since the view has been reflected in several economic, foreign, domestic and social policy initiatives, the term conservative democracy has been referred to as a floating signifier that encompasses a broad coalition of ideas.^[10] In contrast, and because of its broad definition, the term has also been accused of being a red herring designed to conceal a hidden Islamist agenda but maintain public support.^[11]

The main ideals of conservative democracy are best identified when they are compared to the Islamist ideology advocated by the AKP's preceding parties.^[12] A substantial contrast between the two exist, for example, on their position regarding the European Union, Israel, the United States, economic policy, and to a lesser extent social policy.

^ Cite error: The named reference :0 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference :1 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Dağı, İhsan (3 June 2012). "What is wrong with the AK Party?". Today's Zaman. Archived from the original on 2 September 2013. Retrieved 4 April 2018.
^ "Muhafazakar Demokrat". 140journos (in Turkish). 20 August 2017. Archived from the original on 19 June 2020. Retrieved 24 October 2018.
^ Bulaç, Ali (2007). "Ak Parti ve Muhafazakar Demokrasi". www.koprudergisi.com (in Turkish). Köprü Dergisi. Archived from the original on 25 October 2018. Retrieved 24 October 2018.
^ "Islamists in Morocco election claim 'historic' vote breakthrough". 26 November 2011. Archived from the original on 25 July 2019. Retrieved 4 April 2018.
^ ^a ^b "Erdogan tells Tunisians that Islam and democracy can work - The National". 16 September 2011. Archived from the original on 7 June 2017. Retrieved 1 March 2015.
^ "AK Party Model for Islamists - Articles". Archived from the original on 6 May 2016. Retrieved 1 March 2015.
^ Pınar Bilgin (January 2003). "Securing Turkey through western-oriented foreign policy". New perspectives on Turkey. 40: 103–123. doi:10.1017/S0896634600005239.
^ "AKP's 'Conservative Democracy' as an Empty Signifier in Turkish Polit…". Archived from the original on 1 March 2015.
^ Drechselova, Lucie (7 April 2011). "Turkey: AKP's Hidden Agenda or a Different Vision of Secularism?". Archived from the original on 8 December 2022. Retrieved 1 March 2015.
^ Yavuz, M. Hakan; Öztürk, Ahmet Erdi (18 February 2019). "Turkish secularism and Islam under the reign of Erdoğan". Southeast European and Black Sea Studies. 19: 1–9. doi:10.1080/14683857.2019.1580828. ISSN 1468-3857.

Conservative democracy information

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Conservatism in Pakistan

Conservatism in the United States

Democratic backsliding

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Social conservatism

List of conservative parties by country

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Social democracy