Conservatism in the United States information

Conservatism in the United States is based on a belief in limited government, individualism, traditionalism, republicanism, and limited federal governmental power in relation to U.S. states.^[1] Conservative and Christian media organizations and American conservative figures are influential, and American conservatism is a large and mainstream ideology in the Republican Party and nation. As of 2021, 36 percent of Americans consider themselves conservative, according to polling by Gallup, Inc.^[2]^[3]^[4]

American conservatives tend to support Christian values,^[5] moral absolutism,^[6] traditional family values,^[7] and American exceptionalism,^[8] while opposing abortion, euthanasia, same-sex marriage, and transgender rights.^[9] They tend to favor economic liberalism and neoliberalism,^[10]^[11] and are generally pro-business and pro-capitalism,^[12]^[13] while opposing communism and labor unions.^[14]^[15]^[16] They often advocate for a strong national defense, gun rights, capital punishment, and a defense of Western culture from perceived threats posed by communism and moral relativism.^[17]^[18] American conservatives tend to question epidemiology, climate change, and evolution more frequently than moderates or liberals.^[19]^[20]^[21]

^ Frohnen, Bruce; Beer, Jeremy; Jeffrey, Nelson (2014). American Conservatism: An Encyclopedia. Intercollegiate Studies Institute. ISBN 9781497651579. The conservative veneration of individual autonomy...
^ Bivins, Jason C. (May 25, 2018). "How Christian media is shaping American politics". The Conversation. Archived from the original on July 1, 2022. Retrieved April 6, 2022.
^ "Evangelicalism and Politics". The American Historian. Archived from the original on June 29, 2022. Retrieved April 6, 2022.
^ Gramlich, John (August 18, 2020). "5 facts about Fox News". Pew Research Center. Archived from the original on July 4, 2022. Retrieved April 6, 2022.
^ Cite error: The named reference Oxford UP was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Farmer, Brian (2005). American Conservatism: History, Theory and Practice. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. p. 52. ISBN 978-1904303541. To traditional conservatives, there most definitely are moral absolutes and they can most definitely and definitively identify those moral absolutes.
^ Wilcox, Clyde (2018). Onward Christian Soldiers?: The Religious Right in American Politics. Routledge. p. 96. ISBN 9780429974533.
^ Langdale, John (2012). Superfluous Southerners: Cultural Conservatism and the South, 1920–1990. University of Missouri Press. p. 4. ISBN 9780826272850.
^ Cite error: The named reference jillson was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Davenport, David; Lloyd, Gordon (2013). The New Deal & Modern American Conservatism: A Defining Rivalry (eBook ed.). Hoover Institution Press. ISBN 9780817916862.
^ O'Neill, Johnathan; Postell, Joseph W., eds. (2013). Toward an American Conservatism: Constitutional Conservatism During the Progressive Era (eBook ed.). Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 9781137300966.
^ Hoover, Kenneth R. (April 1987). "The Rise of Conservative Capitalism: Ideological Tensions within the Reagan and Thatcher Governments". Comparative Studies in Society and History. 29 (2): 245–268. doi:10.1017/S0010417500014493. ISSN 1475-2999. S2CID 145076916. Archived from the original on August 8, 2022. Retrieved August 8, 2022.
^ Paul, Murschetz (2013). State Aid for Newspapers: Theories. Springer Science+Business Media. p. 64. ISBN 978-3642356902.
^ Howison, Jeffrey D. (February 2018). "The Historical Origins and Contemporary Dynamics of Conservatism in the United States: Anticommunism, the New Class Critique, and the Environment". Political Studies Review. 16 (1): 13–24. doi:10.1177/1478929915611918. ISSN 1478-9299. S2CID 148367886.
^ Heineman, Kenneth J. (2018). The Rise of Contemporary Conservatism in the United States (eBook ed.). New York: Routledge. doi:10.4324/9780429456442. ISBN 9780429456442. S2CID 159281982.
^ Sexton, Patricia Cayo (2019) [1991]. The War on Labor and the Left: Understanding America's Unique Conservatism (eBook ed.). New York: Routledge. doi:10.4324/9780429492716. ISBN 9780429492716.
^ Pilbeam, Bruce (2003). Anglo-American Conservative Ideology After the Cold War. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 100. ISBN 978-0333997659. For most conservatives, if there is a common culprit in explaining society's descent into moral chaos, then it is relativism—the notion that there are no absolute values or standards, merely different interpretations, and perspectives.
^ Critchlow, Donald (2009). Debating the American Conservative Movement: 1945 to the Present. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. p. 15. ISBN 978-0742548244. Conservatives had a fear of Communism shared by most Americans. During this time a popular anti-Communist culture emerged in America, evident in movies, television programs, community activities, and grassroots organizations. This popular anti-Communist culture generated patriotic rallies, parades, city resolutions, and an array of anti—Communist groups concerned about Communist influence in the schools, textbooks, churches, labor unions, industry, and universities.
^ Oreskes, Naomi (June 1, 2021). "The Reason Some Republicans Mistrust Science: Their Leaders Tell Them To". Scientific American. Archived from the original on June 21, 2022. Retrieved August 8, 2022.
^ Hofer, Barbara; Sinatra, Gale (August 19, 2021). Science Denial: Why It Happens and What to Do About It. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/oso/9780190944681.001.0001. ISBN 9780190944711. Archived from the original on October 16, 2022. Retrieved August 8, 2022.
^ Jones, Jeffrey (August 20, 2021). "Study: Evolution now accepted by majority of Americans". University of Michigan News. Archived from the original on June 29, 2022. Retrieved August 8, 2022.

[1] Frohnen, Bruce; Beer, Jeremy; Jeffrey, Nelson (2014). American Conservatism: An Encyclopedia. Intercollegiate Studies Institute. ISBN 9781497651579. The conservative veneration of individual autonomy...

[2] Bivins, Jason C. (May 25, 2018). "How Christian media is shaping American politics". The Conversation. Archived from the original on July 1, 2022. Retrieved April 6, 2022.

[3] "Evangelicalism and Politics". The American Historian. Archived from the original on June 29, 2022. Retrieved April 6, 2022.

[4] Gramlich, John (August 18, 2020). "5 facts about Fox News". Pew Research Center. Archived from the original on July 4, 2022. Retrieved April 6, 2022.

[Oxford_UP-5] Cite error: The named reference Oxford UP was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[6] Farmer, Brian (2005). American Conservatism: History, Theory and Practice. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. p. 52. ISBN 978-1904303541. To traditional conservatives, there most definitely are moral absolutes and they can most definitely and definitively identify those moral absolutes.

[wilcox-7] Wilcox, Clyde (2018). Onward Christian Soldiers?: The Religious Right in American Politics. Routledge. p. 96. ISBN 9780429974533.

[8] Langdale, John (2012). Superfluous Southerners: Cultural Conservatism and the South, 1920–1990. University of Missouri Press. p. 4. ISBN 9780826272850.

[jillson-9] Cite error: The named reference jillson was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[10] Davenport, David; Lloyd, Gordon (2013). The New Deal & Modern American Conservatism: A Defining Rivalry (eBook ed.). Hoover Institution Press. ISBN 9780817916862.

[11] O'Neill, Johnathan; Postell, Joseph W., eds. (2013). Toward an American Conservatism: Constitutional Conservatism During the Progressive Era (eBook ed.). Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 9781137300966.

[12] Hoover, Kenneth R. (April 1987). "The Rise of Conservative Capitalism: Ideological Tensions within the Reagan and Thatcher Governments". Comparative Studies in Society and History. 29 (2): 245–268. doi:10.1017/S0010417500014493. ISSN 1475-2999. S2CID 145076916. Archived from the original on August 8, 2022. Retrieved August 8, 2022.

[13] Paul, Murschetz (2013). State Aid for Newspapers: Theories. Springer Science+Business Media. p. 64. ISBN 978-3642356902.

[14] Howison, Jeffrey D. (February 2018). "The Historical Origins and Contemporary Dynamics of Conservatism in the United States: Anticommunism, the New Class Critique, and the Environment". Political Studies Review. 16 (1): 13–24. doi:10.1177/1478929915611918. ISSN 1478-9299. S2CID 148367886.

[15] Heineman, Kenneth J. (2018). The Rise of Contemporary Conservatism in the United States (eBook ed.). New York: Routledge. doi:10.4324/9780429456442. ISBN 9780429456442. S2CID 159281982.

[16] Sexton, Patricia Cayo (2019) [1991]. The War on Labor and the Left: Understanding America's Unique Conservatism (eBook ed.). New York: Routledge. doi:10.4324/9780429492716. ISBN 9780429492716.

[17] Pilbeam, Bruce (2003). Anglo-American Conservative Ideology After the Cold War. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 100. ISBN 978-0333997659. For most conservatives, if there is a common culprit in explaining society's descent into moral chaos, then it is relativism—the notion that there are no absolute values or standards, merely different interpretations, and perspectives.

[18] Critchlow, Donald (2009). Debating the American Conservative Movement: 1945 to the Present. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. p. 15. ISBN 978-0742548244. Conservatives had a fear of Communism shared by most Americans. During this time a popular anti-Communist culture emerged in America, evident in movies, television programs, community activities, and grassroots organizations. This popular anti-Communist culture generated patriotic rallies, parades, city resolutions, and an array of anti—Communist groups concerned about Communist influence in the schools, textbooks, churches, labor unions, industry, and universities.

[19] Oreskes, Naomi (June 1, 2021). "The Reason Some Republicans Mistrust Science: Their Leaders Tell Them To". Scientific American. Archived from the original on June 21, 2022. Retrieved August 8, 2022.

[20] Hofer, Barbara; Sinatra, Gale (August 19, 2021). Science Denial: Why It Happens and What to Do About It. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/oso/9780190944681.001.0001. ISBN 9780190944711. Archived from the original on October 16, 2022. Retrieved August 8, 2022.

[21] Jones, Jeffrey (August 20, 2021). "Study: Evolution now accepted by majority of Americans". University of Michigan News. Archived from the original on June 29, 2022. Retrieved August 8, 2022.

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