Complex vertebral malformation or CVM is a lethal hereditary syndrome found in Holstein cattle.[1][2] CVM is responsible for malformed calves that are either spontaneously aborted or die shortly after birth.[1][3] It is caused by a missense mutation in the SLC35A3 gene.[2] Since the mutant form of the gene is recessive, only individuals carrying two copies of the faulty gene (homozygous individuals) are affected. Heterozygous individuals, those who carry one copy of the faulty gene and one copy of the normal gene, have no symptoms but may still pass the disease on to their offspring.[2][3]
^ abSander Nielsen, Ulrik; Pedersen Aamand, Gert (2002). "CVM on hedelmällisyysongelma (abridged version of a Shortbroget kvaeg article published in the 4/2001 issue)" [CVM is a fertility issue]. Nauta (in Finnish). 32 (2): 32–33.
^ abcBo Thomsen; Per Horn; Frank Panitz; Emøke Bendixen; Anette H. Petersen; Lars-Erik Holm; Vivi H. Nielsen; Jørgen S. Agerholm; Jens Arnbjerg; Christian Bendixen (2006). "A missense mutation in the bovine SLC35A3 gene, encoding a UDP-N-acetylglucosamine transporter, causes complex vertebral malformation". Genome Research. 16 (1): 97–105. doi:10.1101/gr.3690506. PMC 1356133. PMID 16344554. Retrieved 2017-02-08.
^ abCite error: The named reference faba was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
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