Community based forest management in the Philippines information
Work done to ensure sustainability of forest resources in the Philippines
Community-based forest management (CBFM) constitutes “a powerful paradigm that evolved out of the failure of state forest governance to ensure the sustainability of forest resources and the equitable distribution of access to and benefits from them”.[1] In 1995, the Philippine government adopted CBFM as a national scheme to promote sustainable forest governance, in recognition of the negative impacts occurring as a result of widespread forest loss across the country.[2] The scheme stresses the importance of involving communities in sustaining the forest through projects such as timber harvesting, agro-forestry and livestock raising.[3] CBFM therefore advocates an increasingly ‘bottom up’ – as opposed to the historically ‘top down’ and centralised - approach to sustainable forest governance involving a variety of stakeholders. By 2005, 5503 projects had been established across the country.[4] For this reason the Philippines has been considered a pioneer within Asia for the successful implementation of CBFM as a nationwide tool of forest governance.[5]
CBFM has resulted in varying levels of success across the country,[5] primarily due to unstable policies, poor policy implementation and a lack of funding and assistance by the local and national governments.[5][6][7][8] Successful projects tend to a result of strong government backing, strong community will to succeed in sustainable forest management, and international funding and technical assistance.[6][9] The varying degree of success implies that many challenges still remain if CBFMs objectives are to be successfully achieved on a national scale.[5] In addition, uncontrollable levels of deforestation remains a problem in the Philippines, with current forest cover at 25.7% [10] and many rural and upland communities still well under the poverty line.[1]
^ abGuiang, ES; Borlagdan, SB; Pulhin, JM (2001). Community-Based Forest Management in the Philippines: A Preliminary Assessment. Institute of Philippine Culture.
^Wallace, MB (1993). Philippine forests: Private privilege or public preserve?. Fourth Annual Common Property Conference, International Association for the Study of Common Property.
^Poffenberger, M (1990). Keepers of the Forest: Land Management Alternatives in Southeast Asia. Connecticut: Kumarian Press.
^Bacalla, DT (2006). Promoting equity: a challenge in the implementation of community-based forest management scheme in the Philippines. RECOFTC and East-West Center.
^ abcdRebugio, LL (2010). Promoting Sustainable Forest Management through Community Forestry in the Philippines. IUFRO-WFSE.
^ abLerma, R (2011). "Southern Leyte farmers show how to manage forests". Daily Enquirer.
^Pulhin, JM (2005). Enhancing the Philippines' Community-Based Forest Management Implementation Scheme: Synthesis of Six Case Studies. Laguna, Philippines: College of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of the Philippines.
^Cite error: The named reference Pedalino was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^World Bank. "Data: Philippines".
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