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A map showing the traditional homelands of the indigenous peoples of the Philippines by province
The indigenous peoples of the Philippines are ethnolinguistic groups or subgroups that maintain partial isolation or independence throughout the colonial era, and have retained much of their traditional pre-colonial culture and practices.[1]
The Philippines has 110 enthnolinguistic groups comprising the Philippines' indigenous peoples; as of 2010, these groups numbered at around 14–17 million persons.[2] Austronesians make up the overwhelming majority, while full or partial Negritos scattered throughout the archipelago. The highland Austronesians and Negrito have co-existed with their lowland Austronesian kin and neighbor groups for thousands of years in the Philippine archipelago.
Culturally-indigenous peoples of northern Philippine highlands can be grouped into the Igorot (comprising many different groups) and singular Bugkalot groups, while the non-Muslim culturally-indigenous groups of mainland Mindanao are collectively called Lumad. Australo-Melanesian groups throughout the archipelago are termed Aeta, Ita, Ati, Dumagat, among others. Numerous culturally-indigenous groups also live outside these two indigenous corridors.[3] In addition to these labels, groups and individuals sometimes identify with the Tagalog term katutubo, which denotes any person of indigenous origin.[4][5][6]
According to the Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino, there are 135 recognized local indigenous Austronesian languages in the Philippines, of which one (Tagalog) is vehicular and each of the remaining 134 is vernacular.[citation needed]
^"Philippines". International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs. Archived from the original on March 24, 2023. Retrieved April 1, 2023.
^"Fast Facts: Indigenous Peoples in the Philippines" (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. February 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 25, 2023. Retrieved February 25, 2023.
^National Commission on Indigenous Peoples Archived October 28, 2013, at the Wayback Machine Accessed November 15, 2013.
^Martinez, Angel (April 28, 2022). "Senatorial candidates campaigning from the margins". CNN Philippines. Archived from the original on April 29, 2022. Retrieved July 4, 2022.
^Eder, James F. (September 1990). "Katutubo, Muslim, Kristyano: Palawan, 1621–1901". Journal of Southeast Asian Studies. 21 (2): 449–450. doi:10.1017/s0022463400003416. ISSN 0022-4634.
^Ruanto-Ramirez, J. A. (June 7, 2022), Bonus, Rick; Tiongson, Antonio (eds.), "Twenty-seven. Why I Don't (Really) Consider Myself a Filipinx: Complicating "Filipinxness" from a Katutubo Intervention", Filipinx American Studies, Fordham University Press, pp. 298–307, doi:10.1515/9780823299607-028, ISBN 978-0-8232-9960-7, retrieved July 4, 2023
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