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Cold water extraction (also called CWE) is the process whereby a substance is extracted from a mixture via cold water. It is a type of fractional crystallization.
The process generally involves taking a mixture of substances, dissolving them in warm water, and then rapidly cooling the mixture. The insoluble compounds precipitate out of the water, while the soluble ones stay dissolved. The solution can then be separated by filtration or decantation. This process works by exploiting the differences in solubility of different substances in a low temperature mixture.
Opiates are much more soluble in cold water than acetaminophen.[1][2] It is used to separate out opiate drugs that have been mixed with common non-opiate analgesics. When cold water extraction is used with codeine/paracetamol, hydrocodone/paracetamol and oxycodone/paracetamol medications, it is not effective at removing all of the paracetamol.[3]
^Locher, Cornelia; Rippers, Thomas (2016). "Cold water extraction on different codeine containing combination analgesics available prescription free in Australia". Journal of Advances in Medical Research. 1 (4): 1–4. ISSN 2345-721X.
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