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Cell theory information


Human cancer cells with nuclei (specifically the DNA) stained blue. The central and rightmost cell are in interphase, so the entire nuclei are labeled. The cell on the left is going through mitosis and its DNA has condensed.

In biology, cell theory is a scientific theory first formulated in the mid-nineteenth century, that living organisms are made up of cells, that they are the basic structural/organizational unit of all organisms, and that all cells come from pre-existing cells. Cells are the basic unit of structure in all living organisms and also the basic unit of reproduction.

Cell theory has traditionally been accepted as the governing theory of all life,[1] but some biologists consider non-cellular entities such as viruses living organisms[2] and thus disagree with the universal application of cell theory to all forms of life.

  1. ^ Schaefer, G. Bradley; Thompson, Jr., James N. (2017). "Chapter 1: Genetics: Unity and Diversity". Medical Genetics: An Integrated Approach (Digital). McGraw Hill. ISBN 978-1259095191.
  2. ^ Koonin, Eugene V.; Starokadomskyy, Petro (November 2016). "Are viruses alive? The replicator paradigm sheds decisive light on an old but misguided question". Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences. 59: 125–134. doi:10.1016/j.shpsc.2016.02.016. PMC 5406846. PMID 26965225.

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Cell membrane

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the cell theory, Hooke misled the cell membrane theory that all cells contained a hard cell wall since only plant cells could be observed at the time. Microscopists...

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Cellularization

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been used in theories to explain the evolution of cells, for instance in the pre-cell theory, dealing with the evolution of the first cells on this planet...

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Senescence

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Cellular theory of ageing can be categorized as telomere theory, free radical theory (free-radical theory of aging) and apoptosis. The stem cell theory of aging...

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Cell biology

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nucleus. All of this preceded the cell theory which states that all living things are made up of cells and that cells are organisms' functional and structural...

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Neuron doctrine

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identifying the cells in question. The neuron doctrine, as it became known, served to position neurons as special cases under the broader cell theory evolved...

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Cell wall

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A cell wall is a structural layer that surrounds some cell types, found immediately outside the cell membrane. It can be tough, flexible, and sometimes...

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Scientific theory

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(for example, scientific theories such as evolution, heliocentric theory, cell theory, theory of plate tectonics, germ theory of disease, etc.). In certain...

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Rudolf Virchow

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pathology, introduced the third dictum in cell theory: Omnis cellula e cellula ("All cells come from cells"), although this concept is now widely recognized...

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Theodor Schwann

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considered to be the extension of cell theory to animals. Other contributions include the discovery of Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system,...

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Hebbian theory is a neuropsychological theory claiming that an increase in synaptic efficacy arises from a presynaptic cell's repeated and persistent...

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Cancer stem cell

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any cell in the body resulting in a cancer. Essentially this theory proposes that all cells have the ability to be tumorigenic making all tumor cells equipotent...

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theory, or serial endosymbiotic theory) is the leading evolutionary theory of the origin of eukaryotic cells from prokaryotic organisms. The theory holds...

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Theory

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Ptolemaic theory Biology: Cell theory — Chemiosmotic theory — Evolution — Germ theory — Symbiogenesis Chemistry: Molecular theory — Kinetic theory of gases...

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History of biology

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previously unknown world of microorganisms, laying the groundwork for cell theory. The growing importance of natural theology, partly a response to the...

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Biogerontology

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damage the elements of the cell such as the cell membrane and DNA and cause irreversible damage. The free-radical theory of aging proposes that this...

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chaotic systems in organisms, relational biology and organismic theories. Modeling cell and molecular biology This area has received a boost due to the...

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Biology

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1860s most biologists accepted all three tenets which consolidated into cell theory. Meanwhile, taxonomy and classification became the focus of natural historians...

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Stem cell theory of aging

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The stem cell theory of aging postulates that the aging process is the result of the inability of various types of stem cells to continue to replenish...

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Harry Goodsir

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Scottish physician and naturalist who contributed to the pioneering work on cell theory done by his brother John Goodsir. He served as surgeon and naturalist...

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Grandmother cell

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without critics. The opposite of the grandmother cell theory is the distributed representation theory, that states that a specific stimulus is coded by...

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Zoology

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groundwork for cell theory. van Leeuwenhoek's observations were endorsed by Robert Hooke; all living organisms were composed of one or more cells and could...

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appearance of the Cell theory of Matthias Schleiden and Theodor Schwann. It radically stated that organisms are made up of units called cells. Claude Bernard's...

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