Cataplexy is a sudden and transient episode of muscle weakness accompanied by full conscious awareness, typically triggered by emotions such as laughing, crying, or terror.[1] Cataplexy affects approximately 20% of people who have narcolepsy,[2] and is caused by an autoimmune destruction of hypothalamic neurons that produce the neuropeptide hypocretin (also called orexin), which regulates arousal and has a role in stabilization of the transition between wake and sleep states.[3] Cataplexy without narcolepsy is rare and the cause is unknown.
The term cataplexy originates from the Greek κατά (kata, meaning "down"), and πλῆξις (plēxis, meaning "strike")[4] and it was first used around 1880 in German physiology literature to describe the phenomenon of tonic immobility also known as "playing possum" (in reference to the opossum's behavior of feigning death when threatened).[4] In the same year the French neuropsychiatrist Jean-Baptiste Gélineau coined the term 'narcolepsy' and published some clinical reports that contain details about two patients who have similar condition as the narcoleptic cases nowadays.[5] Nevertheless, the onset reported by him was in adulthood as compared to the nowadays cases reported in childhood and adolescence.[6] Even if he preferred the term 'astasia' instead of 'cataplexy' the case described by him remained iconic for the full narcoleptic syndrome.[4]
^"Narcolepsy Fact Sheet". Archived from the original on 2016-07-27. Retrieved 2011-06-23.
^Elphick, Heather; Staniforth, Teya; Blackwell, Jane; Kingshott, Ruth (2017). "Narcolepsy and cataplexy – a practical approach to diagnosis and managing the impact of this chronic condition on children and their families" (PDF). Paediatrics and Child Health. 272 (7): 343–347. doi:10.1016/j.paed.2017.02.007.
Cataplexy is a sudden and transient episode of muscle weakness accompanied by full conscious awareness, typically triggered by emotions such as laughing...
hallucinations, sleep paralysis, disturbed nocturnal sleep (DNS) and cataplexy. There are two recognized forms of narcolepsy, narcolepsy type 1 and type...
Xywav is a medication used to treat cataplexy or excessive daytime sleepiness. It contains a mixture of the oxybate salts calcium oxybate, magnesium oxybate...
is narcolepsy without the symptom of cataplexy. This means that while type 1 narcolepsy (narcolepsy with cataplexy) has a defined pathophysiology, type...
tested across a range of diseases such as schizophrenia, narcolepsy, cataplexy, and sleep apnea. Overall, the trajectory of clinical studies relating...
syncope"), which in turn can cause trauma. See also laughter-induced syncope, cataplexy, and Bezold–Jarisch reflex. Gelastic seizures can be due to focal lesions...
ejaculation and the cataplexy associated with narcolepsy. It may also address certain fundamental features surrounding narcolepsy besides cataplexy (especially...
of sodium oxybate is in treating two of the symptoms of narcolepsy – cataplexy (sudden muscle weakness) and excessive daytime sleepiness. Reviews of...
Zimelidine was reported by Montplaisir and Godbout to be very effective for cataplexy in 1986, back when this was usually controlled by tricyclic antidepressants...
of the Histamine H3 Receptor: An Alternative Stimulant for Narcolepsy-Cataplexy in Teenagers With Refractory Sleepiness". Clinical Neuropharmacology....
transmitter" is also described in the book, as a weapon for inducing cataplexy. The name of the device is a reference to the neurosurgeon Wilder Penfield...
evidence that such symptoms are related to IH. Unlike narcolepsy with cataplexy, which has a known cause (autoimmune destruction of hypocretin-producing...
sleepiness, cataplexy, sleep paralysis, and hypnagogic hallucinations, as well as sleep attacks and fragmented sleep. Narcolepsy with cataplexy, also known...
(PDF). Common Sense Media. Retrieved 6 April 2009. Jones M. "Case Study: Cataplexy and SOREMPs Without Excessive Daytime Sleepiness in Prader Willi Syndrome...
frequency and severity of cataplexy attacks in some people. Modafinil is approved for management of narcolepsy with or without cataplexy. However, it is not...
European Medicines Agency (EMA) in March 2016 for narcolepsy with or without cataplexy, and for excessive daytime sleepiness by the FDA in August 2019. The most...
..... with cataplexy G47.419 ...... without cataplexy G47.42 Narcolepsy in conditions classified elsewhere G47.421 ...... with cataplexy G47.429 ......
the FDA granted the medication an orphan designation for treatment of cataplexy and narcolepsy with the tentative brand name Catatrol. For unknown reasons...
described the syndrome as a dissociation reaction, or a possible narcolepsy-cataplexy syndrome. The syndrome concludes with complete remission, usually within...
2001). "Complex HLA-DR and -DQ interactions confer risk of narcolepsy-cataplexy in three ethnic groups". American Journal of Human Genetics. 68 (3): 686–99...
brain injury; Clinton suggests her condition may have been narcolepsy or cataplexy. A definitive diagnosis is not possible due to lack of contemporary medical...
individual experiences brief losses of muscle tone ("drop attacks" or cataplexy), is caused by a lack of orexin in the brain due to destruction of the...
recessive hypothyroidism, selective malabsorption of cobalamin, narcolepsy, cataplexy, and various seizure disorders. Some are also sensitive to sulphonamides...
effective and well-tolerated for the treatment of narcolepsy with or without cataplexy. Pitolisant is the only non-controlled anti-narcoleptic drug in the US...
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