cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in execution phase of apoptosis
cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process
Cellular component
cytoplasm
keratin filament
nucleus
cytosol
mitochondrion
Biological process
cornification
cell differentiation
keratinization
proteolysis
epidermis development
execution phase of apoptosis
apoptotic process
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage
Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species
Human
Mouse
Entrez
23581
12365
Ensembl
ENSG00000105141
ENSMUSG00000005355
UniProt
P31944
O89094
RefSeq (mRNA)
NM_012114
NM_009809
RefSeq (protein)
NP_036246
NP_033939
Location (UCSC)
Chr 19: 15.05 – 15.06 Mb
Chr 10: 78.55 – 78.55 Mb
PubMed search
[3]
[4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human
View/Edit Mouse
Caspase 14 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CASP14 gene.[5][6][7] Orthologs of this gene also exist in other mammals, such as sirenians and cetaceans, though they are inactivated in these two clades. Curiously, manatees, which are sirenians, retain some functional CASP14 genes.[8]
The CASP14 gene encodes a member of the cysteine-aspartic acid protease (caspase) family. Sequential activation of caspases plays a central role in the execution-phase of cell apoptosis. Caspases exist as inactive proenzymes which undergo proteolytic processing at conserved aspartic residues to produce two subunits, large and small, that dimerize to form the active enzyme. This caspase has been shown to be processed and activated by caspase 8 and caspase 10 in vitro, and by anti-Fas agonist antibody or TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand in vivo. The expression and processing of this caspase may be involved in keratinocyte terminal differentiation, which is important for the formation of the skin barrier.[7]
According to the Human Protein Atlas,[9] the CASP14 protein is enriched human skin and mainly expressed in the upper layers of the epidermis. The protein is mainly localised to the cytosol according to the Cell Atlas.[10]
^ abcGRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000105141 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ abcGRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000005355 – Ensembl, May 2017
^"Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^"Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^Van de Craen M, Van Loo G, Pype S, Van Criekinge W, Van den brande I, Molemans F, Fiers W, Declercq W, Vandenabeele P (May 1999). "Identification of a new caspase homologue: caspase-14". Cell Death Differ. 5 (10): 838–46. doi:10.1038/sj.cdd.4400444. PMID 10203698.
^Hu S, Snipas SJ, Vincenz C, Salvesen G, Dixit VM (Dec 1998). "Caspase-14 is a novel developmentally regulated protease". J Biol Chem. 273 (45): 29648–53. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.45.29648. PMID 9792675.
^Steinbinder, Julia; Sachslehner, Attila Placido; Holthaus, Karin Brigit; Eckhart, Leopold (2024-04-23). "Comparative genomics of sirenians reveals evolution of filaggrin and caspase-14 upon adaptation of the epidermis to aquatic life". Scientific Reports. 14 (1): 9278. doi:10.1038/s41598-024-60099-2. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 11039687. PMID 38653760.
^Uhlén, Mathias; Fagerberg, Linn; Hallström, Björn M.; Lindskog, Cecilia; Oksvold, Per; Mardinoglu, Adil; Sivertsson, Åsa; Kampf, Caroline; Sjöstedt, Evelina (2015-01-23). "Tissue-based map of the human proteome". Science. 347 (6220): 1260419. doi:10.1126/science.1260419. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 25613900. S2CID 802377.
^Thul, Peter J.; Åkesson, Lovisa; Wiking, Mikaela; Mahdessian, Diana; Geladaki, Aikaterini; Blal, Hammou Ait; Alm, Tove; Asplund, Anna; Björk, Lars (2017-05-26). "A subcellular map of the human proteome". Science. 356 (6340): eaal3321. doi:10.1126/science.aal3321. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 28495876. S2CID 10744558.
Caspase14 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CASP14 gene. Orthologs of this gene also exist in other mammals, such as sirenians and cetaceans...
acid protease (caspase) family. Sequential activation of caspases plays a central role in the execution-phase of cell apoptosis. Caspases exist as inactive...
Caspase-1/Interleukin-1 converting enzyme (ICE) is an evolutionarily conserved enzyme that proteolytically cleaves other proteins, such as the precursors...
"Effects of galactomyces ferment filtrate on epidermal barrier marker caspase-14 in human skin cells". Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology....
of caspases: initiator caspases (caspases 2, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12) and effector caspases (caspases 3, 6, and 7). The activation of initiator caspases requires...
a different set of caspases as compared to apoptosis, for example, caspase-1/4/5 in humans and caspase-11 in mice. These caspases contribute to the maturation...
keratin 10, and keratin 14, but also other markers such as involucrin, loricrin, transglutaminase, filaggrin, and caspase14. In humans, it is estimated...
reveals evolution of filaggrin and caspase-14 upon adaptation of the epidermis to aquatic life". Scientific Reports. 14 (1): 9278. doi:10.1038/s41598-024-60099-2...
Activation and assembly of the inflammasome promotes the activation of caspase-1, which then proteolytically cleaves pro-inflammatory cytokines, interleukin...
called caspases. The function of caspase 4 is not fully known, but it is believed to be an inflammatory caspase, along with caspase 1, caspase 5 (and...
the cell to undergo "cellular suicide" in a caspase-independent fashion in the presence of viral caspase inhibitors to restrict virus replication. In...
reveals evolution of filaggrin and caspase-14 upon adaptation of the epidermis to aquatic life". Scientific Reports. 14 (1): 9278. doi:10.1038/s41598-024-60099-2...
keratinocytes involves up-regulation of DNase1L2 but is independent of caspase-14 expression". Differentiation. 75 (10): 939–46. doi:10.1111/j.1432-0436...
proteases called caspases. It is an inflammatory caspase, along with caspase 1, caspase 4 and the murine caspase 4 homolog caspase 11, and has a role...
mitochondria-derived activator of caspases or SMAC. This protein binds inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs), thus freeing caspases to activate apoptosis. Due...
Caspase 13 or ERICE ("evolutionarily related interleukin-1β converting enzyme") is a protein that was identified in cattle. It belongs to a family of...
fragmentation factor subunit alpha (DFFA), also known as Inhibitor of caspase-activated DNase (ICAD), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DFFA...
and celiac disease. Among the inflammatory products of NLRP1 are caspase 1 and caspase 7, which activate the inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β. Interleukin-1β...
and releases the caspases which leads to the activation of caspase 3. This initiator caspase may cause the cleaving of inactive caspase 3, causing it to...
length of female fertility in vertebrates, in a mechanism regulated by caspase-2. At Duke she received a Research Mentoring award in 2012 and the Distinguished...
mutated or improperly regulated. Many of these inhibitors act to block caspases, a family of cysteine proteases that play an integral role in apoptosis...
inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) family. The survivin protein functions to inhibit caspase activation, thereby leading to negative regulation of apoptosis or programmed...
auto-activation of caspases, which may be modeled via a positive-feedback loop. This positive feedback exerts an auto-activation of the effector caspase by means...
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