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Cambaytherium is an extinct genus of placental mammals in the family Cambaytheriidae[1] whose fossils were found in an open pit coal mine located in Gujarat, India.[2] The mine was a treasure trove full of teeth and bones, over 200 of which were identified as belonging to Cambaytherium thewissi.[1] The fossils were dated to the Early Eocene, 54.5 million years ago,[3] making them slightly younger than the oldest known fossils belonging to the order Perissodactyla.
Cambaytherium
Temporal range: Eocene
PreꞒ
Ꞓ
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S
D
C
P
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Pg
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Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Chordata
Class:
Mammalia
Order:
†Anthracobunia[4]
Family:
†Cambaytheriidae[1]
Bajpai et al., 2005
Genus:
†Cambaytherium[1]
Bajpai et al., 2005
Species
†C. thewissi Bajpai et al., 2005
†C. gracilis Smith et al., 2016
†C. bidens Bajpai et al., 2005
^ abcdS. Bajpai; V. V. Kapur; D. P. Das; B. N. Tiwari; N. Saravanan; R. Sharma (2005). "Early Eocene land mammals from Vastan Lignite Mine, District Surat (Gujarat), Western India". Journal of the Palaeontological Society of India. 50 (1): 101–113.
^Mohan, Geoffrey (20 November 2014). "Strange rhino-horse wandered ancient India". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 21 November 2014.
^Samanta, A.; Sarkar, A.; et al. (February 2013). "Late Paleocene–early Eocene carbon isotope stratigraphy from a near-terrestrial tropical section and antiquity of Indian mammals". Journal of Earth System Science. 122 (1): 163–171. Bibcode:2013JESS..122..163S. doi:10.1007/s12040-012-0259-6.
^Cite error: The named reference Rose2019 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
Cambaytherium is an extinct genus of placental mammals in the family Cambaytheriidae whose fossils were found in an open pit coal mine located in Gujarat...
perissodactyls and their relatives, especially the rhinos. Finds of Cambaytherium and Kalitherium in the Cambay shale of western India indicate an origin...
mesonychids, arctocyonids and the stem-relatives of perissodactyls (like Cambaytherium). This synapomorphy suggests that this may be basal to all Ferungulata...
E. & Smith, T. (2019). "Anatomy, Relationships, and Paleobiology of Cambaytherium (Mammalia, Perissodactylamorpha, Anthracobunia) from the lower Eocene...
L.T.; et al. (2019). "Anatomy, relationships, and paleobiology of Cambaytherium (Mammalia, Perissodactylamorpha, Anthracobunia) from the Lower Eocene...
some clades like anthracobunids not being found elsewhere. A study on Cambaytherium suggests that Perissodactyla might have had an insular origin in India...
Cambay Shale formation Genus Species Stratigraphic position Notes Images Cambaytherium C. thewissi C. gracilis C. bidens A cambaytheriid. Kalitherium K. marinus...
L.T.; et al. (2019). "Anatomy, relationships, and paleobiology of Cambaytherium (Mammalia, Perissodactylamorpha, Anthracobunia) from the Lower Eocene...
replacement and enamel microstructure in an perissodactyl-like ungulate Cambaytherium is published by von Koenigswald et al. (2018). Anatomical redescription...
Egypt A teratodontine hyaenodont. The type species is B. ephalmos. Cambaytherium gracilis Sp. nov Valid Smith et al. Eocene (Ypresian) Cambay Shale Formation...
anatomy, phylogenetic relationships and likely diet and locomotion of Cambaytherium is published by Rose et al. (2020), who also name a new clade Perissodactylamorpha...
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