The butterfly effect describes a phenomenon in chaos theory whereby a minor change in circumstances can cause a large change in outcome. The scientific concept is attributed to Edward Lorenz, a mathematician and meteorologist who used the metaphor to describe his research findings related to chaos theory and weather prediction,[1][2] initially in a 1972 paper titled "Predictability: Does the Flap of a Butterfly's Wings in Brazil Set Off a Tornado in Texas?"[3] The butterfly metaphor is attributed to the 1952 Ray Bradbury short story "A Sound of Thunder".[1][4]
The concept has been widely adopted by popular culture, and interpreted to mean that small events have a rippling effect that cause much larger events to occur,[5][6] and has become a common reference.[7][8][9]
^ abDeaton, Jeremy (2 February 2020). "The butterfly effect is not what you think it is". The Washington Post. Retrieved 8 July 2021.
^"The Butterfly Effect Is Why It's Impossible to Predict the Weather". Discovery. 1 August 2019. Retrieved 8 July 2021.
^"Edward Lorenz, father of chaos theory and butterfly effect, dies at 90". MIT News. 16 April 2008. Retrieved 9 April 2022.
^Cite error: The named reference Cooper 2015 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Dizikes, Petyer (8 June 2008). "The meaning of the butterfly". The Boston Globe. Retrieved 8 June 2016.
^Hartl, John (21 January 2004). "'Butterfly Effect' just doesn't fly". Today. Retrieved 22 May 2021.
^Dooley, Kevin J. (August 2009). "The Butterfly Effect of the 'Butterfly Effect'". Nonlinear Dynamics Psychology and Life Sciences. 13 (3): 279–288. PMID 19527619. Retrieved 6 May 2022.
^Ornes, Stephen (19 April 2007). "Whatever Happened to... Chaos Theory?". Discover. Retrieved 8 July 2021.
^McLain, Asia (25 May 2019). "19 People Share Their 'Butterfly Effect' Stories And You Will Go, 'Whoa.'". Buzzfeed. Retrieved 22 May 2021.
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