Bupropion, formerly called amfebutamone,[16] and sold under the brand name Wellbutrin among others, is an atypical antidepressant primarily used to treat major depressive disorder and to support smoking cessation.[17][18] It is also popular as an add-on medication in the cases of "incomplete response" to the first-line selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressant.[18][19] Bupropion has several features that distinguish it from other antidepressants: it does not usually cause sexual dysfunction,[18] it is not associated with weight gain[18] and sleepiness,[20] and it is more effective than SSRIs at improving symptoms of hypersomnia and fatigue.[21] Bupropion, particularly the immediate release formulation, carries a higher risk of seizure than many other antidepressants, hence caution is recommended in patients with a history of seizure disorder.[22]
Common adverse effects of bupropion with the greatest difference from placebo are dry mouth, nausea, constipation, insomnia, anxiety, tremor, and excessive sweating.[23][failed verification] Raised blood pressure is notable.[24] Rare but serious side effects include seizures,[23] liver toxicity,[25] psychosis,[26] and risk of overdose.[27] Bupropion use during pregnancy may be associated with increased odds of congenital heart defects.[28]
Bupropion acts as a norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitor (NDRI) and a nicotinic receptor antagonist.[15] However, its effects on dopamine are weak and clinical significance is contentious.[29][30][31][32][33] Chemically, bupropion is an aminoketone that belongs to the class of substituted cathinones and more generally that of substituted amphetamines and substituted phenethylamines.[1][34]
Bupropion was invented by Nariman Mehta, who worked at Burroughs Wellcome, in 1969.[35] It was first approved for medical use in the United States in 1985.[36] Bupropion was originally called by the generic name amfebutamone, before being renamed in 2000.[16] In 2021, it was the eighteenth most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 29million prescriptions.[37][38] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[39]
^ ab"Bupropion". PubChem. United States National Library of Medicine – National Center for Biotechnology Information. 28 July 2018. Archived from the original on 29 July 2018. Retrieved 29 July 2018.
^"Bupropion Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 24 December 2018. Retrieved 24 December 2018.
^"FDA-sourced list of all drugs with black box warnings (Use Download Full Results and View Query links.)". nctr-crs.fda.gov. FDA. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
^"TGA eBS - Product and Consumer Medicine Information Licence". Archived from the original on 7 December 2016. Retrieved 9 January 2023.
^Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency (Anvisa) (31 March 2023). "RDC Nº 784 - Listas de Substâncias Entorpecentes, Psicotrópicas, Precursoras e Outras sob Controle Especial" [Collegiate Board Resolution No. 784 - Lists of Narcotic, Psychotropic, Precursor, and Other Substances under Special Control] (in Brazilian Portuguese). Diário Oficial da União (published 4 April 2023). Archived from the original on 3 August 2023. Retrieved 3 August 2023.
^"Wellbutrin Product information". Health Canada. 25 April 2012. Archived from the original on 9 January 2023. Retrieved 9 January 2023.
^"Zyban Product information". Health Canada. 25 April 2012. Archived from the original on 9 January 2023. Retrieved 9 January 2023.
^"Zyban 150 mg prolonged release tablets - Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC)". (emc). 21 April 2022. Archived from the original on 9 January 2023. Retrieved 9 January 2023.
^Cite error: The named reference Wellbutrin SR FDA label was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^"Wellbutrin XL- bupropion hydrochloride tablet, extended release". DailyMed. 4 March 2022. Archived from the original on 9 January 2023. Retrieved 9 January 2023.
^Cite error: The named reference Aplenzin FDA label was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^"Bupropion hydrochloride EPAR". European Medicines Agency. 17 September 2018. Archived from the original on 18 August 2022. Retrieved 7 March 2023.
^ abc"Zyban 150 mg prolonged release film-coated tablets – Summary of Product Characteristics (SPC)". electronic Medicines Compendium. GlaxoSmithKline UK. 1 August 2013. Archived from the original on 20 July 2017. Retrieved 22 October 2013.
^Cite error: The named reference pmid27255113 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ abcdefghCite error: The named reference pmid31124380 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ abWorld Health Organization (2000). "International nonproprietary names for pharmaceutical substances (INN) : proposed international nonproprietary names : list 83". WHO Drug Information. 14 (2). hdl:10665/58135.
^Sweetman S (2011). Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference (37th ed.). Pharmaceutical Press. p. 402. ISBN 9780853699828.
^ abcdCite error: The named reference pmid27141292 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference pmid27591914 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference Dhillon was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference pmid16848671 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Steinert T, Fröscher W (July 2018). "Epileptic Seizures Under Antidepressive Drug Treatment: Systematic Review". Pharmacopsychiatry. 51 (4): 121–135. doi:10.1055/s-0043-117962. PMID 28850959. S2CID 22436728.
^ abCite error: The named reference WellbutrinPI was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference pmid15705013 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference pmid24362450 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference Buproprion-induced psychosis was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference pmid28135844 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference pmid33354752 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
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^Cite error: The named reference DeBattista2022 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference pmid35068363 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Dye LR, Murphy C, Calello DP, Levine MD, Skolnik A (2017). Case Studies in Medical Toxicology: From the American College of Medical Toxicology. Springer. p. 85. ISBN 9783319564494. Archived from the original on 29 August 2021. Retrieved 5 June 2020.
^Mehta NB (25 June 1974). "United States Patent 3,819,706: Meta-chloro substituted α-butylamino-propiophenones". USPTO. Archived from the original on 7 November 2017. Retrieved 2 June 2008.
^Cite error: The named reference approvals was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^"The Top 300 of 2021". ClinCalc. Archived from the original on 15 January 2024. Retrieved 14 January 2024.
^"Bupropion - Drug Usage Statistics". ClinCalc. Retrieved 14 January 2024.
^World Health Organization (2023). The selection and use of essential medicines 2023: web annex A: World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 23rd list (2023). Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/371090. WHO/MHP/HPS/EML/2023.02.
Bupropion, formerly called amfebutamone, and sold under the brand name Wellbutrin among others, is an atypical antidepressant primarily used to treat...
List of side effects of bupropion. Headache Transient insomnia Abdominal pain Agitation Anxiety Asthenia Concentration disturbance Constipation Depression...
smoking cessation drug bupropion. It is formed from bupropion by the liver enzyme CYP2B6 during first-pass metabolism. With oral bupropion treatment, hydroxybupropion...
a major active metabolite of the antidepressant drug bupropion (Wellbutrin). Bupropion is a norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitor and nicotinic...
a minor active metabolite of the antidepressant drug bupropion (Wellbutrin). Bupropion is a norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitor and nicotinic...
pharmacologist who designed, synthesized, and patented the organic compound bupropion, marketed under the name Wellbutrin as an antidepressant and smoking cessation...
(methylphenidate) – an extended release form of methylphenidate Contrave (naltrexone/bupropion) – a combination drug used in the treatment of mood and psychotic disorders...
depression. In 2022, the FDA approved the combination dextromethorphan/bupropion to serve as a rapid acting antidepressant in patients with major depressive...
radafaxine has a low abuse potential similar to bupropion. Radafaxine is a potent metabolite of bupropion, the compound in GlaxoSmithKline's Wellbutrin...
in short-term trials. Long-term efficacy remains poorly characterized. Bupropion is not recommended for the treatment of eating disorders, due to an increased...
receptor antagonist and 5-HT2C receptor agonist Atomoxetine (Strattera) Bupropion (Wellbutrin, Elontril) – also a non-competitive antagonist of nicotinic...
brands of bupropion. The People's Pharmacy received multiple reports of increased side effects and decreased efficacy of generic bupropion, which prompted...
low. Venlafaxine was similar in efficacy to the atypical antidepressant bupropion; however, the remission rate was lower for venlafaxine. In a double-blind...
type being tubocurarine, but some centrally acting compounds such as bupropion, mecamylamine, and 18-methoxycoronaridine block nicotinic acetylcholine...
the stimulants methcathinone, MDPV, mephedrone and the antidepressant bupropion. Khat has been cultivated in the Horn of Africa and Arabian Peninsula...
parasitic infections, sumatriptan for migraine, lamotrigine for epilepsy, bupropion and paroxetine for major depressive disorder, cimetidine and ranitidine...
similar chemical structure to the antidepressant and smoking cessation aid bupropion (previously called amfebutamone), which has also been developed as a weight-loss...
substrate for CYP2D6. Concurrent treatment with a CYP2D6 inhibitor such as bupropion, fluoxetine, or paroxetine has been shown to increase plasma atomoxetine...
(e.g., levomethamphetamine and pseudoephedrine), antidepressants (e.g. bupropion and phenelzine), antiparkinson agents (e.g., selegiline), and vasopressors...
for medical use in the United States in 1984. Naltrexone, as naltrexone/bupropion (brand name Contrave), is also used to treat obesity. It is on the World...
significant serotonergic effects and is therefore not a dual action drug. Bupropion has also been suggested to cause SS, although as there is no evidence...