System for compatibility of higher education qualifications in the European region
LogoBologna zone
The Bologna Process is a series of ministerial meetings and agreements between European countries to ensure comparability in the standards and quality of higher-education qualifications.[1] The process has created the European Higher Education Area under the Lisbon Recognition Convention. It is named after the University of Bologna, where the Bologna declaration was signed by education ministers from 29 European countries in 1999. The process was opened to other countries in the European Cultural Convention[2] of the Council of Europe, and government meetings have been held in Prague (2001), Berlin (2003), Bergen (2005), London (2007), Leuven (2009), Budapest-Vienna (2010), Bucharest (2012), Yerevan (2015), Paris (2018), and Rome (2020).
Before the signing of the Bologna declaration, the Magna Charta Universitatum was issued at a meeting of university rectors celebrating the 900th anniversary of the University of Bologna (and European universities) in 1988. One year before the declaration, education ministers Claude Allègre (France), Jürgen Rüttgers (Germany), Luigi Berlinguer (Italy) and Baroness Blackstone (UK) signed the Sorbonne declaration in Paris in 1998, committing themselves to "harmonising the architecture of the European Higher Education system".[3] The Bologna Process has 49 participating countries.[4]
^BONJEAN, Dominique (21 September 2018). "The Bologna Process and the European Higher Education Area". Education and Training - European Commission. Retrieved 24 March 2020.
^Council of Europe. "European Cultural Convention". 1954.
^"Sorbonne Joint Declaration: Joint declaration on harmonisation of the architecture of the European higher education system" (PDF). DAAD. 25 May 1998. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 August 2009. Retrieved 28 April 2010.
^"Members". European Higher Education Area. 2020. Retrieved 25 May 2021.
The BolognaProcess is a series of ministerial meetings and agreements between European countries to ensure comparability in the standards and quality...
degree at the University of Michigan in 1859. Algeria follows the BolognaProcess. Australian universities commonly have coursework or research-based...
bachelor's and master's degree is being introduced by the Bolognaprocess. Under the new Bologna reform, universities in Europe are introducing the Bachelor...
Bologna (/bəˈloʊnjə/ bə-LOAN-yə, UK also /bəˈlɒnjə/ bə-LON-yə, Italian: [boˈloɲɲa] ; Emilian: Bulåggna [buˈlʌɲɲa]; Latin: Bononia) is the capital and...
1997 and the Bologna Declaration in 1999, higher education systems in Europe have been undergoing harmonisation through the BolognaProcess, which is based...
new Italian master's degree named Laurea magistrale. Spurred by the Bolognaprocess, a major reform was instituted in 1999 to align its programmes with...
guiding document of the Bolognaprocess. It was adopted by ministers of education of 29 European countries at their meeting in Bologna in 1999. It proposed...
University of Bologna (Italian: Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna, abbreviated Unibo) is a public research university in Bologna, Italy. Founded...
as "Fail". Belarus has been a member of BolognaProcess since May 2015. The country left the BolognaProcess in 2022 Education in Belarus|Study in Belarus...
implementation of the BolognaProcess the first academic degree awarded in Poland was magister. After implementation of the BolognaProcess the person who obtained...
the BolognaProcess and was equivalent to a bachelor's degree. In France and other countries, it is the bachelor's-level qualification in the Bologna process...
Bologna sausage, informally baloney (/bəˈloʊni/ bə-LOH-nee), is a sausage derived from the Italian mortadella, a similar-looking, finely ground pork sausage...
degrees, to a degree structure in line with the BolognaProcess model. (Russia co-signed the Bologna Declaration in 2003.) In October 2007 Russia enacted...
the occasion of the 10th anniversary of the BolognaProcess. As the main objective of the BolognaProcess since its inception in 1999, the EHEA was meant...
which can keep up with large universities in this respect. Due to the Bolognaprocess, universities and Fachhochschulen award legally equivalent bachelor's...
Giurisprudenza for graduates before the BolognaProcess reforms, or Laurea Magistrale in Giurisprudenza after the BolognaProcess reforms ("Juris Doctor"), in Italy...
Azerbaijan is a full member of the BolognaProcess/European higher education area since 2005. Joining the Bolognaprocess Azerbaijan began education reforms...
first cycle), developed by the Joint Quality Initiative as part of the Bolognaprocess, corresponds to the learning outcomes for EQF level 5. The descriptor...
were gradually implemented at European universities as part of the BolognaProcess, since approximately 1999. Students graduating from European Universities...
substitute [citation needed] for this costly time- and labor-intensive process. Lebanon bologna was developed by the Pennsylvania Dutch of Lebanon County, Pennsylvania...
The Lisbon Recognition Convention is an important instrument for the BolognaProcess which aims at creating the "European higher education area" by making...
10 basic principles for third-cycle degrees (doctorates) within the BolognaProcess. These were followed in 2016 by the "Florence Principles", seven basic...
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