This article is about biomonitoring for human health. For the study of the ecological condition of water bodies, see Aquatic biomonitoring.
In analytical chemistry, biomonitoring is the measurement of the body burden of toxic chemical compounds, elements, or their metabolites, in biological substances.[1][2] Often, these measurements are done in blood and urine.[3] Biomonitoring is performed in both environmental health, and in occupational safety and health as a means of exposure assessment and workplace health surveillance.
The two best established environmental biomonitoring programs in representative samples of the general population are those of the United States and Germany, although population-based programs exist in a few other countries.[4] In 2001, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) began to publish its biennial National Report on Human Exposure to Environmental Chemicals, which reports a statistically representative sample of the U.S. population.[5]
^"Third National Report on Human Exposure to Environmental Chemicals" (PDF). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention – National Center for Environmental Health. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 July 2011. Retrieved 9 August 2009.
^"What is Biomonitoring?" (PDF). American Chemistry Council. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2008-11-23. Retrieved 11 January 2009.
^Angerer J, Ewers U, Wilhelm M (2007). "Human biomonitoring: State of the art". International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health. 210 (3–4): 201–28. Bibcode:2007IJHEH.210..201A. doi:10.1016/j.ijheh.2007.01.024. PMID 17376741.
^Porta M, et al. (2008). "Monitoring concentrations of persistent organic pollutants in the general population: the international experience". Environment International. 34 (4): 546–561. Bibcode:2008EnInt..34..546P. doi:10.1016/j.envint.2007.10.004. PMID 18054079.
^"About the Program". cdc.gov. Centers for Disease Control. 3 April 2008. Retrieved 25 May 2009.
deriving and communicating these Biomonitoring Equivalents. Biomonitoring Equivalents can be used for evaluation of biomonitoring data in a risk assessment context...
While aquatic biomonitoring is the most common form of biomonitoring, any ecosystem can be studied in this manner. Aquatic biomonitoring is an important...
epidemiology, genetic epidemiology and pathophysiology are medical sciences. Biomonitoring – measurement of the body burden of toxic chemical compounds, elements...
survey of indicators, techniques, and applications of community-level biomonitoring data". cfpub.epa.gov. Retrieved 2018-07-27. Adamus, Paul; J. Danielson...
De Kock and Kramer developed the concept of active biomonitoring in 1994. Active biomonitoring is a comparison of the chemical/biological properties...
avenue of biomonitoring for aquatic systems. Using benthic diatoms through a method of next-generation sequencing approach to river biomonitoring revealed...
Legionella is a genus of pathogenic gram-negative bacteria that includes the species L. pneumophila, causing legionellosis (all illnesses caused by Legionella)...
ciliaris is not native to the continent. Anaptychia ciliaris is used in biomonitoring due to its sensitivity to air pollution. This lichen serves as an indicator...
Xanthoria calcicola is a species of saxicolous and corticolous (rock- and bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. The lichen was...
ISBN 978-0-87371-997-1. Grant (2009) p. 767 Rubin, Strayer (2008) p. 266 "Biomonitoring Summary, Lead". CDC. 7 April 2017. Retrieved 3 February 2021. Kosnett...
fish (MSc Thesis). Lethbridge: University of Lethbridge. "National Biomonitoring Program". Center for disease control and prevention. Apr 7, 2017. Retrieved...
Retrieved 30 December 2008. Biomonitoring: EPA Needs to Coordinate Its Research Strategy and Clarify Its Authority to Obtain Biomonitoring Data (PDF) (Report)...
Joanne; Vella, Alfred; Mintoff, Bernardette (1 March 2003). "Imposex as a biomonitoring tool for marine pollution by tributyltin: some further observations"...
Mothering. No. 134. pp. 54–61. Kommission Human-Biomonitoring des Umweltbundesamtes [Human Biomonitoring Committee of the Federal Environmental Agency (Federal...
and Radioactivity. Retrieved October 6, 2021.[permanent dead link] "Biomonitoring Summary". www.cdc.gov. September 3, 2021. Retrieved October 6, 2021...
regular measurements of air pollutants and soil analyses. In 2003, a biomonitoring campaign with honey bees was launched at the airport. The water collected...
Pulchrocladia retipora, commonly known as the coral lichen, is a species of fruticose lichen in the family Cladoniaceae. Found predominantly in Australasia...
bioassessment methods are well established internationally, and serve biomonitoring well, as for example for aquatic bioassessment within the EU Directives...
and Funded by The National Science Foundation molluSCAN-eye - Online biomonitoring project hosted by the University of Bordeaux and the CNRS Freshwater...
epidemiology, forensic epidemiology, occupational epidemiology, screening, biomonitoring, and comparisons of treatment effects such as in clinical trials. Epidemiologists...
plan to try and restore freshwater biodiversity. Current freshwater biomonitoring techniques focus primarily on community structure, but some programs...
future continuous monitoring. Air pollution can also be assessed by biomonitoring with organisms that bioaccumulate air pollutants, such as lichens, mosses...
to air pollution and has been assessed as a suitable candidate for biomonitoring air quality. Swedish lichenologist Erik Acharius described the lichen...
Jonathan; Hayes, Richard B.; Hildrew, Alan G.; Lamouroux, Nicolas (2011), "Biomonitoring of Human Impacts in Freshwater Ecosystems", Advances in Ecological Research...
birds in nest building. Some Physcia species have been employed in biomonitoring studies of air quality. The first member of the present-day genus Physcia...
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