This article is about the genus of coronavirus. Not to be confused with the Beta variant of the SARS-CoV-2 virus that causes COVID-19.
Betacoronavirus
Murine coronavirus (MHV) virion electron micrograph, schematic structure, and genome
Virus classification
(unranked):
Virus
Realm:
Riboviria
Kingdom:
Orthornavirae
Phylum:
Pisuviricota
Class:
Pisoniviricetes
Order:
Nidovirales
Family:
Coronaviridae
Subfamily:
Orthocoronavirinae
Genus:
Betacoronavirus
Subgenera and species
See text
Betacoronavirus (β-CoVs or Beta-CoVs) is one of four genera (Alpha-, Beta-, Gamma-, and Delta-) of coronaviruses. Member viruses are enveloped, positive-strand RNA viruses that infect mammals, including humans. The natural reservoir for betacoronaviruses are bats and rodents. Rodents are the reservoir for the subgenus Embecovirus, while bats are the reservoir for the other subgenera.[1]
The coronavirus genera are each composed of varying viral lineages with the betacoronavirus genus containing four such lineages: A, B, C, D. In older literature, this genus is also known as "group 2 coronaviruses". The genus is in the subfamily Orthocoronavirinae in the family Coronaviridae, of the order Nidovirales.
The betacoronaviruses of the greatest clinical importance concerning humans are OC43 and HKU1 (which can cause the common cold) of lineage A, SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 (the causes of SARS and COVID-19 respectively) of lineage B,[2] and MERS-CoV (the cause of MERS) of lineage C. MERS-CoV is the first betacoronavirus belonging to lineage C that is known to infect humans.[3][4]
^Wartecki, Adrian; Rzymski, Piotr (June 2020). "On the Coronaviruses and Their Associations with the Aquatic Environment and Wastewater". Water. 12 (6): 1598. doi:10.3390/w12061598.
^"Phylogeny of SARS-like betacoronaviruses". nextstrain. Retrieved 18 January 2020.
^Memish, Z. A.; Zumla, A. I.; Al-Hakeem, R. F.; Al-Rabeeah, A. A.; Stephens, G. M. (2013). "Family Cluster of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infections". New England Journal of Medicine. 368 (26): 2487–94. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1303729. PMID 23718156.
lineage C. MERS-CoV is the first betacoronavirus belonging to lineage C that is known to infect humans. The name "betacoronavirus" is derived from Ancient Greek...
23 January 2020. A new species, Betacoronavirus 1, is proposed to accommodate previously established Betacoronavirus species of humans, cattle, swine...
Human coronavirus OC43 (HCoV-OC43) is a member of the species Betacoronavirus 1, which infects humans and cattle. The infecting coronavirus is an enveloped...
respiratory coronavirus (discovered in 2003) into a single species Betacoronavirus 1 in 2009. Owing to increasing number and diversity of new species...
genus Betacoronavirus, consisting of a single species, Bat Hp-betacoronavirus Zhejiang2013. Strains forming the viral species Bat Hp-betacoronavirus Zhejiang2013...
esterase (HE) gene, which distinguishes it as a member of the genus Betacoronavirus and subgenus Embecovirus. HCoV-HKU1 was first detected in January 2004...
ORF8 is a gene that encodes a viral accessory protein, Betacoronavirus NS8 protein, in coronaviruses of the subgenus Sarbecovirus. It is one of the least...
U122) is a gene found in coronaviruses of the Betacoronavirus genus. It expresses the Betacoronavirus NS7A protein, a type I transmembrane protein with...
gene found in coronaviruses of the genus Betacoronavirus, which expresses the accessory protein Betacoronavirus NS7b protein. It is a short, highly hydrophobic...
Heise, M.; Denison, M. R.; Baric, R. S. (2014). "A Mouse Model for Betacoronavirus Subgroup 2c Using a Bat Coronavirus Strain HKU5 Variant - PMC". mBio...
Orthocoronavirinae of the family Coronaviridae. Both the Alpha- and Betacoronavirus lineages descend from the bat viral gene pool. Alphacoronaviruses were...
coronavirus (BCV or BCoV) is a coronavirus which is a member of the species Betacoronavirus 1. The infecting virus is an enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded...
the APN receptor. Along with Human coronavirus OC43 (a member of the Betacoronavirus genus), it is one of the viruses responsible for the common cold. HCoV-229E...
of Cynopterus brachyotis, it was uncovered that a bat coronavirus (Betacoronavirus) is closely related to the bat coronavirus Rousettus bat coronavirus...
enveloped, positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus mammalian Group 2 Betacoronavirus that has been found to be genetically related to the Middle East respiratory...
are classified within the same virus species, a member of the genus Betacoronavirus that is currently known as Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related...
into four genera, Alphacoronavirus, Betacoronavirus, Gammacoronavirus and Deltacoronavirus. Within Betacoronavirus, they can be further subclassified into...
Murine coronavirus (M-CoV) is a virus in the genus Betacoronavirus that infects mice. Belonging to the subgenus Embecovirus, murine coronavirus strains...
an enveloped, positive-sense single-stranded RNA mammalian Group 2 Betacoronavirus discovered in Japanese Pipistrellus in Hong Kong. This strain of coronavirus...
into four genera, Alphacoronavirus, Betacoronavirus, Gammacoronavirus and Deltacoronavirus. Within Betacoronavirus, they can be further subclassified into...
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