Battle of the Hydaspes information

Battle of the Hydaspes
	Part of Alexander's Indian campaign
	; Alexander the Great and Porus; Francesco Fontebasso
Date	May 326 BC
Location	Hydaspes River (modern-day Pakistan)32°49′40″N 73°38′20″E / 32.82778°N 73.63889°E
Result	Macedonian victory
Territorial; changes	Macedon annexes most of Punjab, from the Hydaspes to the Hyphasis
Belligerents
Macedonian Empire; Hellenic League; Gandhara	Pauravas
Commanders and leaders
Alexandros III; Craterus; Coenus; Hephaestion; Ptolemy; Perdiccas; Seleucus; Lysimachus; Demonicus; Peucestas; Taxiles;	Porus; Spitakes; Sons of Porus;
Strength
45,000–47,000 total 40,000 infantry; 5,000–7,000 cavalry; Asiatic contingents;	22,000–54,000 total 20,000–50,000 infantry; 2,000–4,000 cavalry; 85–200 war elephants; 1,000 chariots;
Casualties and losses
~1,000 total 80–700 infantry killed; 230–280 cavalry killed;	21,000–23,000 total Diodorus 12,000 killed; 9,000 captured; ; Arrian 20,000 infantry killed; 3,000 cavalry killed; ;
	class=notpageimage\| Location within Pakistani Punjab class=notpageimage\| Location within Pakistan class=notpageimage\| Location within Indian subcontinent

Alexander the Great

1200km
820miles

Babylon

15

Malavas

14

Hydaspes

13

Cophen

12

Cyropolis

11

Persian Gate

10

Uxians

9

Gaugamela

8

Alexandria

7

Gaza

6

Tyre

5

Issus

4

Miletus

3

Granicus

2

Pella

1

current battle

The Battle of the Hydaspes also known as Battle of Jhelum, or First Battle of Jhelum, was fought between Alexander the Great and Porus in May of 326 BC. It took place on the banks of the Hydaspes River in Punjab, as part of Alexander's Indian campaign. In what was possibly their most costly engagement,^[17] the Macedonian army secured a decisive victory over the Pauravas and captured Porus.^[e] Large areas of Punjab were subsequently absorbed into the Macedonian Empire; Porus was reinstated as the region's ruler after Alexander, having developed a newfound respect for the fierce resistance put up by Porus and his army, appointed him as a satrap.

In spite of close Indian surveillance, Alexander's decision to cross the monsoon-swollen Hydaspes in order to catch Porus's army in the flank has been referred to as one of his "masterpieces" in combat.^[19] The Macedonians' engagement with the Indians at Hydaspes remains a very significant historical event with regard to the Wars of Alexander the Great, as it resulted in the exposure of Greek political and cultural influences to the Indian subcontinent, which would continue to affect Greeks and Indians for centuries to come.

^ Graham Phillips (31 March 2012). Alexander The Great. Ebury Publishing. pp. 129–131. ISBN 978-0-7535-3582-0.
^ Green 1991, p. 402.
^ Cite error: The named reference Arrian 5.14 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Fuller estimates a further 2,000 cavalry under Craterus's command.
^ Harbottle, Thomas Benfield (1906). Dictionary of Battles. New York.
^ ^a ^b Plutarch 62.1:"But this last combat with Porus took off the edge of the Macedonians' courage, and stayed their further progress into India. For having found it hard enough to defeat an enemy who brought but twenty thousand foot and two thousand horse into the field..."
^ ^a ^b ^c Arrian, 5.15
^ ^a ^b Diodorus, 17.87.2
^ Green 1991, p. 553.
^ Curtius 8.13.6; Metz Epitome 54 (following Curtius)
^ Plutarch 60.5
^ Roy 2004, pp. 19–23.
^ ^a ^b ^c Arrian, 5.18
^ ^a ^b Cite error: The named reference Diodorus 17.89.3 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ According to Fuller 1960, p. 199, "Diodorus' figures appear more realistic."
^ Cite error: The named reference Diodorus 17.89.1-3 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Peter Connolly. Greece and Rome At War. Macdonald Phoebus Ltd, 1981, p. 66
^ Brice 2012, p. 81.
^ Burn 1965, p. 150

Cite error: There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or {{efn}} templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} template or {{notelist}} template (see the help page).

[Phillips2012-1] Graham Phillips (31 March 2012). Alexander The Great. Ebury Publishing. pp. 129–131. ISBN 978-0-7535-3582-0.

[FOOTNOTEGreen1991402-2] Green 1991, p. 402.

[Arrian_5.14-3] Cite error: The named reference Arrian 5.14 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[4] Fuller estimates a further 2,000 cavalry under Craterus's command.

[6] Harbottle, Thomas Benfield (1906). Dictionary of Battles. New York.

[Plutarch621-7] Plutarch 62.1:"But this last combat with Porus took off the edge of the Macedonians' courage, and stayed their further progress into India. For having found it hard enough to defeat an enemy who brought but twenty thousand foot and two thousand horse into the field..."

[Arrian_5.15-8] Arrian, 5.15

[Diodorus_17.87.2-9] Diodorus, 17.87.2

[FOOTNOTEGreen1991553-12] Green 1991, p. 553.

[13] Curtius 8.13.6; Metz Epitome 54 (following Curtius)

[Plutarch605-15] Plutarch 60.5

[FOOTNOTERoy200419–23-16] Roy 2004, pp. 19–23.

[Arrian_5.18-17] Arrian, 5.18

[Diodorus_17.89.3-18] Cite error: The named reference Diodorus 17.89.3 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[Fuller_199-19] According to Fuller 1960, p. 199, "Diodorus' figures appear more realistic."

[Diodorus_17.89.1-3-20] Cite error: The named reference Diodorus 17.89.1-3 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[21] Peter Connolly. Greece and Rome At War. Macdonald Phoebus Ltd, 1981, p. 66

[FOOTNOTEBrice201281-22] Brice 2012, p. 81.

[24] Burn 1965, p. 150

Battle of the Hydaspes information

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