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Avalanche breakdown information


I-V curve for a Zener diode showing avalanche and Zener breakdown

Avalanche breakdown (or the avalanche effect) is a phenomenon that can occur in both insulating and semiconducting materials. It is a form of electric current multiplication that can allow very large currents within materials which are otherwise good insulators. It is a type of electron avalanche. The avalanche process occurs when carriers in the transition region are accelerated by the electric field to energies sufficient to create mobile or free electron-hole pairs via collisions with bound electrons.

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Avalanche breakdown

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Avalanche breakdown (or the avalanche effect) is a phenomenon that can occur in both insulating and semiconducting materials. It is a form of electric...

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Avalanche diode

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electronics, an avalanche diode is a diode (made from silicon or other semiconductor) that is designed to experience avalanche breakdown at a specified...

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Zener diode

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avalanche breakdown. Both breakdown types are present in Zener diodes with the Zener effect predominating at lower voltages and avalanche breakdown at...

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Avalanche photodiode

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the reverse breakdown voltage, such that charge carriers generated by the photoelectric effect are multiplied by an avalanche breakdown; thus they can...

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Avalanche transistor

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collector-to-emitter breakdown voltage, called avalanche breakdown region. This region is characterized by avalanche breakdown, which is a phenomenon...

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Zener effect

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of the Zener diode. The Zener effect is distinct from avalanche breakdown. Avalanche breakdown involves minority carrier electrons in the transition region...

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Laser damage threshold

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chemical changes to the optic. For very short, high power pulses, avalanche breakdown can occur. At these exceptionally high intensities, multiphoton absorption...

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Chain reaction

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visualization possible with a spark chamber and other wire chambers. An avalanche breakdown process can happen in semiconductors, which in some ways conduct...

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Dielectric strength

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collisions with neutral atoms or molecules, in a process known as avalanche breakdown. Breakdown occurs quite abruptly (typically in nanoseconds), resulting...

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Breakdown voltage

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than the minimum, where the exposure to lightning is severe. Avalanche breakdown Avalanche diode Dielectric strength Electrical treeing Lichtenberg figure...

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Electron avalanche

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is also known as the Townsend discharge. Electron avalanches are essential to the dielectric breakdown process within gases. The process can culminate in...

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Noise generator

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and avalanche breakdown. The Zener effect is primarily exhibited by reverse-biased diodes and bipolar transistor base-emitter junctions that breakdown below...

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Impact ionization

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high electrical field then it can result in avalanche breakdown. This process is exploited in avalanche diodes, by which a small optical signal is amplified...

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Silicon controlled rectifier

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voltage is increased, then at critical breakdown level, called the reverse breakdown voltage (VBR), an avalanche occurs at J1 and J3 and the reverse current...

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Voltage spike

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flow if this voltage spike exceeds a material's breakdown voltage, or if it causes avalanche breakdown. In semiconductor junctions, excessive electric...

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EEPROM

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former section, old EEPROMs are based on avalanche breakdown-based hot-carrier injection with high reverse breakdown voltage. But FLOTOX theoretical basis...

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IMPATT diode

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flow. This phenomenon is called avalanche breakdown. At breakdown, the n– region is punched through and forms the avalanche region of the diode. The high...

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Townsend discharge

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voltage[which?] between the plates is equal to the breakdown voltage needed to create a self-sustaining avalanche: it decreases when the current reaches the glow...

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Thyristor

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(Off state). Now if VAK is increased beyond the breakdown voltage VBO of the thyristor, avalanche breakdown of J2 takes place and the thyristor starts conducting...

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Power MOSFET

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during an avalanche breakdown event. Because of this, MOSFETs utilizing a planar stripe structure can only fail during avalanche breakdown due to extreme...

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BARITT diode

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boundary layer, the minority carriers are injected. There is no avalanche breakdown instead. Consequently, both the phase shift and the output power...

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Exponential growth

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available. Each infected person can infect multiple new people. Avalanche breakdown within a dielectric material. A free electron becomes sufficiently...

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Runaway breakdown

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gap Avalanche breakdown Electron avalanche A. V. Gurevich, G. M. Milikh, and R. A. Roussel-Dupre (1992) "Runaway electron mechanism of air breakdown and...

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Capacitively coupled plasma

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strong enough, it can lead to what is known as electron avalanche. After avalanche breakdown, the gas becomes electrically conductive due to abundant...

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