King of the Achaemenid Empire from 405/4 to 359/8 BC
Artaxerxes II 𐎠𐎼𐎫𐎧𐏁𐏂
King of Kings
Great King
King of Persia
King of Countries
The Rock relief of Artaxerxes II in Persepolis
King of Kings of the Achaemenid Empire
Reign
405/4–359/8 BC
Predecessor
Darius II
Successor
Artaxerxes III
Born
Arses c. 436 BC (or 453 BC)
Died
November 359 – April 358 BC[1]
Burial
Persepolis
Spouse
Stateira
Issue among others
Darius
Ariaspes
Artaxerxes III
Rhodogune
Dynasty
Achaemenid
Father
Darius II
Mother
Parysatis
Religion
Zoroastrianism
Arses (Greek: Ἄρσης; c. 445 – 359/8 BC), known by his regnal name Artaxerxes II (Old Persian: 𐎠𐎼𐎫𐎧𐏁𐏂Artaxšaçāʰ; Greek: Ἀρταξέρξης), was King of Kings of the Achaemenid Empire from 405/4 BC to 358 BC. He was the son and successor of Darius II (r. 423 – 405/4 BC) and his mother was Parysatis.
Soon after his accession, Artaxerxes II faced opposition from his younger brother Cyrus the Younger, who assembled an army composed of troops from his Lydian and Ionian satrapies as well as Greek mercenaries in his bid for the throne. The forces of the brothers clashed at Cunaxa in 401 BC, which resulted in the defeat and death of Cyrus. Following this, Artaxerxes II had to contend with several other revolts; a revolt by Evagoras I (r. 411–374 BC) in Cyprus between 391–380 BC, by the Phoenicians in c. 380 BC, and most importantly, the revolts by the western satraps (known as the Great Satraps' Revolt) in the 360s and 350s BC, led by distinguished figures such as Datames, Ariobarzanes, and Autophradates.
The rulers of the Parthian Empire notably considered Artaxerxes II their progenitor.
of ArtaxerxesII and his mother was Stateira. Before ascending the throne Artaxerxes was a satrap and commander of his father's army. Artaxerxes came...
After Artaxerxes discovered the murder, he killed Artabanus and his sons. Artaxerxes had to face a revolt in Egypt in 460–454 BC led by Inaros II, who...
423 BC to 405 or 404 BC. Artaxerxes I, who died in 424 BC, was followed by his son Xerxes II. After a month and half Xerxes II was murdered by his brother...
Persian Empire: Artaxerxes I of Persia (died 425 BC), Artaxerxes I Longimanus, r. 466–425 BC, son and successor of Xerxes I ArtaxerxesII of Persia (436...
of Philip II of Macedon. In c. 351 BC, Artaxerxes embarked on a campaign to recover Egypt, which had revolted under his father, ArtaxerxesII. At the same...
themselves. The first was Sogdianus, Artaxerxes I's son by his concubine Alogyne of Babylon. The second was Darius II, Artaxerxes I's son by his concubine Cosmartidene...
graves behind the compound at Persepolis would then belong to ArtaxerxesII and Artaxerxes III. The unfinished tomb, a kilometer away from the city, is...
Arťeksis, usually the Ethiopic equivalent of Artaxerxes. Some have speculated that the king was ArtaxerxesII. In his Chronography, the 13th century Syriac...
is contained in the excerpts from ArtaxerxesII's physician, Ctesias, by Photius; Plutarch’s Lives of ArtaxerxesII and Lysander; and Thucydides' History...
autumn of 338, when Artaxerxes III was murdered by the ambitious eunuch and chiliarch Bagoas, who had the king poisoned. Artaxerxes III's early death proved...
reign of ArtaxerxesII (c. 405/404–358 BC), Ahura Mazda was worshipped and invoked alone in all extant royal inscriptions. With ArtaxerxesII, Ahura Mazda...
by winning him from her son Artaxerxes in a game of dice and having him flayed alive. Stateira was the wife of ArtaxerxesII. Her brother, Terituchmes,...
Old Persian name *Bayaçā ("protecting from fear"). Artaxerxes is the Latin form of the Greek Artaxerxes (Αρταξέρξης), itself from the Old Persian Artaxšaçā...
but in 356 BC he refused obedience to the new Persian king, Artaxerxes III. Artaxerxes had ordered the disbanding of all the satrapal armies of Asia...
– although writing in 285 BCE, over 70 years[η] after the reign of ArtaxerxesII Mnemon[θ] – records that the emperor had been the first to make cult...
of the Jews. He uses the name Xerxes for Artaxerxes I reserving the name Artaxerxes for the later ArtaxerxesII whom he identifies as the Ahasuerus of Esther...
the town of Pergamon, but eventually reconciled with ArtaxerxesII's son and successor Artaxerxes III (r. 358–338 BC) and gave him back the town. Orontes...
I's son, Xerxes, and to a lesser extent, Artaxerxes I (465–424 BC) and Darius II (423–404 BC). ArtaxerxesII (404–358 BC) partially restored the palace...
Cunaxa was fought in the late summer of 401 BC between the Persian king ArtaxerxesII and his brother Cyrus the Younger for control of the Achaemenid throne...
reportedly an illegitimate son of Artaxerxes I by his concubine Alogyne of Babylon. The last inscription mentioning Artaxerxes I being alive can be dated to...
"boat"), also known as the boats, is reported by Plutarch in his Life of Artaxerxes as an ancient Persian method of execution. He describes the victim being...
515 BC, during the reign of Darius I. According to the Bible, it was King Artaxerxes who was convinced to stop the construction of the temple in Jerusalem...
Ahasuerus as either Artaxerxes I (reigned 465 to 424 BCE) or ArtaxerxesII (reigned 404 to 358 BCE). On his accession, however, ArtaxerxesII lost Egypt to...
court. Artaxerxes I Artaxerxes was another of Xerxes’ sons whom the succession fell to after the deaths of his father and older brothers. Artaxerxes ruled...
lived in the fifth century BC, was physician to the Achaemenid king, ArtaxerxesII, whom he accompanied in 401 BC on his expedition against his brother...
338 BC, Artaxerxes III met an abrupt end after being poisoned by the court eunuch and chiliarch (hazahrapatish) Bagoas, who installed Artaxerxes' youngest...
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