1880s–1920s Armenian militants formed in response to massacres
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Armenian fedayi
A fedayi group fighting under the ARF banner. The banner reads Liberty or Death.
Active
1880s–1920s
Country
Ottoman Empire Russian Empire Qajar Iran
Allegiance
Armenians
Dashnak
Hunchak
Armenakan
Type
Militia
Size
40,000 during the Genocide
Engagements
Armenian National Liberation Movement Iranian Constitutional Revolution Armenian Genocide Resistance
Commanders
Before 1893
Arabo
1893–1899
Aghbiur Serob
1899–1904
Andranik
1904–1907
Kevork Chavush
Military unit
Fedayi (Eastern Armenian: Ֆիդայի, romanized: Fidayi; Western Armenian: Ֆէտայի, Fedayi), also known as the Armenian irregular units or Armenian militia, were Armenian civilians who voluntarily left their families to form self-defense units and irregular armed bands in reaction to the mass murder of Armenians and the pillage of Armenian villages by criminals, Turkish and Kurdish gangs, Ottoman forces, and Hamidian guards during the reign of Ottoman Sultan Abdul Hamid II in late 19th and early 20th centuries, known as the Hamidian massacres. Their ultimate goal was always to gain Armenian autonomy (Armenakans) or independence (Dashnaks, Hunchaks) depending on their ideology and the degree of oppression visited on Armenians.
Some of the key Fedayi figures also participated in the Iranian Constitutional Revolution that commenced during the same period, upon agreement of the ARF leaders.
The Armenian term fedayi is ultimately derived from Arabic fedayeen: فدائيونfidā'īyūn, literally meaning "those who sacrifice".[1][2]
^Middle East Glossary - The Israel Project: FEDAYEE Archived 2012-04-27 at the Wayback Machine
^Tony Rea and John Wright (1993). The Arab-Israeli Conflict. Oxford University Press. p. 43. ISBN 019917170X.
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