Plants adapted to the short, cold growing seasons of the Arctic regions
Dryas octopetala is a common plant in the Arctic
About 1,702 species of plants live on the Arctic tundra, including flowering plants, short shrubs, herbs, grasses, and mosses. These plants are adapted to short, cold growing seasons.[1] They have the ability to withstand extremely cold temperatures in the winter (winter hardiness), and grow and reproduce in summer conditions that are quite limiting.
As of 2005, arctic vegetation covered approximately 5×10^6 km2 (1.9×10^6 sq mi) of land.[2] The area of Arctic vegetation decreased by approximately 1.4×10^6 km2 (0.54×10^6 sq mi) from 1980 to 2000, with a corresponding increase in the boreal forest (taiga).[3] This decrease is linked to the warming of the Arctic due to climate change.[3][4]
^Saville, DBO (1972). Arctic adaptations in plants. Research Branch, Canada Department of Agriculture. Monograph No. 6.
^Walker, Donald A; et al. (2005). "The circumpolar Arctic vegetation map". Journal of Vegetation Science. 16 (3): 267–282. Bibcode:2005JVegS..16..267W. doi:10.1111/j.1654-1103.2005.tb02365.x.
^Pearson, Richard G; et al. (2013). "Shifts in Arctic vegetation and associated feedbacks under climate change". Nature Climate Change. 3 (7): 673–677. Bibcode:2013NatCC...3..673P. doi:10.1038/nclimate1858.
limiting. As of 2005, arcticvegetation covered approximately 5×10^6 km2 (1.9×10^6 sq mi) of land. The area of Arcticvegetation decreased by approximately...
regions and associated types of tundra: Arctic tundra, alpine tundra, and Antarctic tundra. Tundra vegetation is composed of dwarf shrubs, sedges, grasses...
periods of sunlight, and cold, dark, snow-covered winter conditions. Arcticvegetation is composed of plants such as dwarf shrubs, graminoids, herbs, lichens...
Atlantification of the Arctic Atmospheric Brown Cloud Climate of the Arctic Climate and vegetation interactions in the Arctic Northern Sea Route Climate...
the year due to its extreme polar location. The area has tundra, Arcticvegetation, glaciers, and, for most of the year, is covered in thick blankets...
The Arctic Circle is one of the two polar circles, and the most northerly of the five major circles of latitude as shown on maps of Earth at about 66°...
tundras of the Arctic basin. Summits of many mountains of Earth also have polar climates, due to their higher elevations. Some parts of the Arctic are covered...
The Arctic Ocean is the smallest and shallowest of the world's five major oceans. It spans an area of approximately 14,060,000 km2 (5,430,000 sq mi) and...
Korea and Japan and the Inuit, Yupik, Aleut, Chukchi and the Iñupiat in the Arctic Circle, for praying for good luck. In Japan, the observation of the first...
Arctic Alaska or Far North Alaska is a region of the U.S. state of Alaska generally referring to the northern areas on or close to the Arctic Ocean. It...
The Arctic consists of land, internal waters, territorial seas, exclusive economic zones (EEZs) and international waters above the Arctic Circle (66 degrees...
Circumpolar peoples and Arctic peoples are umbrella terms for the various indigenous peoples of the Arctic region. Approximately four million people are...
Arctic Council is a high-level intergovernmental forum that addresses issues faced by the Arctic governments and the indigenous people of the Arctic region...
The Canadian Arctic tundra is a biogeographic designation for Northern Canada's terrain generally lying north of the tree line or boreal forest, that corresponds...
somewhat scarce. The temperature of the Arctic Cordillera ranges from 6 °C in summer, down to −16 °C in winter. Vegetation is largely absent in this area due...
vastly different vegetation, and therefore very different economies, settlement patterns and histories. The "near north" or sub-Arctic is mostly synonymous...
The Arctic Archipelago, also known as the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, is an archipelago lying to the north of the Canadian continental mainland, excluding...
The Arctic ice pack is the sea ice cover of the Arctic Ocean and its vicinity. The Arctic ice pack undergoes a regular seasonal cycle in which ice melts...
of vegetation development observed on Ellesmere Island is evidence that post glacial vegetation development is much more restricted in the Arctic and...
which has a favourable microclimate and supports relatively lush Arcticvegetation. Temperatures during the brief (40 to 55 days) growing season seldom...
Arctic shipping routes are the maritime paths used by vessels to navigate through parts or the entirety of the Arctic. There are three main routes that...
Arctic ecology is the scientific study of the relationships between biotic and abiotic factors in the arctic, the region north of the Arctic Circle (66°...
The Arctic Bridge or Arctic Sea Bridge is a seasonal sea route approximately 6,700 kilometres (4,200 mi; 3,600 NM) long linking Russia to Canada, specifically...
Svalbard has permafrost and tundra, including low, middle, and high Arcticvegetation. One hundred and sixty-five species of plants have been found on the...
F-BHSA, F-BHSB, F-BHSC or F-BHSD.[citation needed] During the Cold War, the Arctic region was a buffer zone between the Soviet Union and North America. Civilian...
The British Arctic Territories were a region of British North America, composed of islands to the north of continental North America. They are now known...
Arctic methane release is the release of methane from Arctic ocean waters as well as from soils in permafrost regions of the Arctic. While it is a long-term...
Concern about Canada's claims to sovereignty in the high Arctic resulted in the high Arctic relocation, where the federal government of Canada forced...
Sea ice in the Arctic region has declined in recent decades in area and volume due to climate change. It has been melting more in summer than it refreezes...
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