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Arabic alphabet
Arabic script
History
Transliteration
Diacritics
Hamza
Numerals
Numeration
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History of the alphabet
Graphical descent from Egyptian hieroglyphs
Egyptian hieroglyphs 32nd c. BCE
Hieratic 32nd c. BCE
Demotic 7th c. BCE
Meroitic 3rd c. BCE
Proto-Sinaitic 19th c. BCE
Ugaritic 15th c. BCE
Epigraphic South Arabian 9th c. BCE
Geʽez 5–6th c. BCE
Phoenician 12th c. BCE
Paleo-Hebrew 10th c. BCE
Samaritan 6th c. BCE
Aramaic 8th c. BCE
Kharosthi 3rd c. BCE
Brahmi 3rd c. BCE
Brahmic family (see)
Pallava 4th c. CE
Cham 4th c. CE
Dhives Akuru 6th c. CE
Khmer 611 CE
Tibetan 7th c. CE
Phagspa 1269 CE
Devanagari 10th c. CE
Canadian Aboriginal 1840
Hebrew 3rd c. BCE
Square Aramaic Alphabet 2007
Pahlavi 3rd c. BCE
Avestan 4th c. CE
Palmyrene 2nd c. BCE
Nabataean 2nd c. BCE
Arabic 4th c. CE
N'Ko 1949 CE
Syriac 2nd c. BCE
Sogdian 2nd c. BCE
Orkhon (old Turkic) 6th c. CE
Old Hungarian c. 650 CE
Old Uyghur
Mongolian 1204 CE
Mandaic 2nd c. CE
Greek 8th c. BCE
Etruscan 8th c. BCE
Latin 7th c. BCE
Cherokee (syllabary; letter forms only) c. 1820 CE
Vai (syllabary) c. 1832 CE
Deseret 1854 CE
Great Lakes Algonquian 19th c. CE
Blackfoot (influence from Canadian) 1888 CE
Fraser (Old Lisu) 1915 CE
Saanich 1978 CE
Osage 2006 CE
Runic 2nd c. CE
Ogham (origin uncertain) 4th c. CE
Lycian 5th c. BCE
Coptic (influence from Demotic) 3rd c. CE
Gothic 3rd c. CE
Armenian 405 CE
Caucasian Albanian (origin uncertain) c. 420 CE
Georgian (origin uncertain) c. 430 CE
Glagolitic 862 CE
Cyrillic c. 940 CE
Old Permic 1372 CE
Libyco-Berber 10th c. BCE
Tifinagh 4th c. CE
Neo-Tifinagh 1970 CE
Paleohispanic (semi-syllabic) 7th c. BCE
Graphically independent
Hangul 1443 CE (proposed connection to Phagspa)
Thaana c. 1601 CE
Adlam 1989 CE
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Countries and regions that use the Arabic script:
as the sole official script
as a co-official script
The Arabic alphabet (Arabic: الْأَبْجَدِيَّة الْعَرَبِيَّة, al-ʾabǧadiyyah l-ʿarabiyyah[æl.ʔæb.d͡ʒæˈdɪj.jæl.ʕɑ.rɑˈbɪj.jæ] or الْحُرُوف الْعَرَبِيَّة, al-ḥurūf al-ʿarabiyyah), or Arabic abjad, is the Arabic script as specifically codified for writing the Arabic language. It is written from right-to-left in a cursive style, and includes 28 letters, of which most have contextual letterforms. The Arabic alphabet is considered an abjad, with only consonants required to be written; due to its optional use of diacritics to notate vowels, it is considered an impure abjad.[2]
^Daniels, Peter T.; Bright, William, eds. (1996). The World's Writing Systems. Oxford University Press, Inc. p. 559. ISBN 978-0195079937.
^Zitouni, Imed (2014). Natural Language Processing of Semitic Languages. Springer Science & Business. p. 15. ISBN 978-3642453588.
of Arabic calligraphy. The Arabicalphabet is derived either from the Nabataean alphabet or (less widely believed) directly from the Syriac alphabet, which...
The Persian alphabet (Persian: الفبای فارسی, romanized: Alefbâye Fârsi), also known as the Perso-Arabic script, is the right-to-left alphabet used for the...
The Arabic chat alphabet, Arabizi, Arabeezi, Arabish or Franco-Arabic (franco-arabe) refer to the romanized alphabets for informal Arabic dialects in...
thought that the Arabicalphabet is a derivative of the Nabataean variation of the Aramaic alphabet, which descended from the Phoenician alphabet, which among...
The Uyghur Arabicalphabet (Uyghur: ئۇيغۇر ئەرەب يېزىقى, romanized: Uyghur Ereb Yëziqi or UEY) is a version of the Arabicalphabet used for writing the...
writing Urdu. It is a modification of the Persian alphabet, which itself is derived from the Arabic script. It has official status in the republics of...
Latin-based Arabic chat alphabet. Different systems and strategies have been developed to address the inherent problems of rendering various Arabic varieties...
Phoenician alphabet. The Phoenician system is considered the first true alphabet and is the ultimate ancestor of many modern scripts, including Arabic, Cyrillic...
Azerbaijani alphabet (Azerbaijani: Azərbaycan əlifbası, آذربایجان اَلیفباسؽ, Азəрбајҹан әлифбасы) has three versions which includes the Arabic, Latin, and...
Cyrillic alphabet was restored.[citation needed] The first time that the Latin alphabet was introduced, was in 1925, replacing Arabicalphabet. Further...
percentage of its vocabulary consists of Arabic loanwords, and that this compounds with the use of the Arabicalphabet to disguise the language's true nature...
Albanian alphabet Albanian "Istanbul alphabet" Albanian Arabicalphabet Albanian Greek alphabet Van Christo, "The Long Struggle for the Albanian Alphabet", formerly...
in 1932 and popularized through the Hawar magazine, and the Kurdo-Arabicalphabet. The Kurdistan Region has agreed upon a standard for Central Kurdish...
Three alphabets are used to write Kazakh: the Cyrillic, Latin and Arabic scripts. The Cyrillic script is used in Kazakhstan and Mongolia. An October 2017...
The Turkish alphabet (Turkish: Türk alfabesi) is a Latin-script alphabet used for writing the Turkish language, consisting of 29 letters, seven of which...
Turkmen alphabet (Turkmen: Türkmen elipbiýi / Tүркмен элипбийи / تۆرکمن الیپبییی) refers to variants of the Latin alphabet, Cyrillic alphabet, or Arabic alphabet...
Greek, Latin and Hebrew alphabets. The various Turkic languages have been written in a number of different alphabets, including Arabic, Cyrillic, Greek, Latin...
varieties of two existing diacritics, in Maore Arabicalphabet, only the 3 original Arabic diacritics are used. Arabic vowels themselves represent vowels [a]...
the alphabet was an abjad consisting only of consonants, but is now considered an "impure abjad". As with other abjads, such as the Arabicalphabet, during...
Rohingya ArabicAlphabet is a modified Arabic script for the Rohingya language. Rohingya today is written in three scripts, Hanifi Rohingya script, Arabic (Rohingya...
alphabet, and later Aramaic (derived from the Phoenician alphabet) and the Nabatean—derived from the Aramaic alphabet and developed into the Arabic alphabet—five...
Arabic the fourth most useful language for business, after English, Standard Mandarin Chinese, and French. Arabic is written with the Arabicalphabet...
an alphabet based on the Uyghur Arabicalphabet. Uzbeks of Afghanistan also write the language using Arabic script, and the Arabic Uzbek alphabet is taught...
Tajik language has been written in three alphabets over the course of its history: an adaptation of the Perso-Arabic script, an adaptation of the Latin script...
other varieties of Arabic. Arabicalphabet: I‘rāb (إِعْرَاب), the case system of Arabic Rasm (رَسْم), the basic system of Arabic consonants Tajwīd (تَجْوِيد)...
The Pashto alphabet (Pashto: پښتو الفبې, romanized: Pəx̌tó alfbâye) is the right-to-left abjad-based alphabet developed from the Arabic script, used for...
(Arabic: حِسَاب ٱلْجُمَّل, ḥisāb al-jummal), are a decimal alphabetic numeral system/alphanumeric code, in which the 28 letters of the Arabicalphabet...
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