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Amyl alcohols are alcohols with the formula C5H11OH.[1] Eight are known. A mixture of amyl alcohols (also called amyl alcohol) can be obtained from fusel alcohol. Amyl alcohol is used as a solvent and in esterification, by which is produced amyl acetate and other products. The name amyl alcohol without further specification applies to the normal (straight-chain) form, 1-pentanol.[2]
Amyl alcohol isomers
Common name
Structure
Type
IUPAC name
Boiling point (°C)[3]
1-pentanol or normal amyl alcohol
primary
Pentan-1-ol
138.5
2-methyl-1-butanol or active amyl alcohol
primary
2-Methylbutan-1-ol
128.7
3-methyl-1-butanol or isoamyl alcohol or isopentyl alcohol
primary
3-Methylbutan-1-ol
131.2
2,2-dimethyl-1-propanol or neopentyl alcohol
primary
2,2-Dimethylpropan-1-ol
113.1
2-pentanol or sec-amyl alcohol or methyl (n) propyl carbinol
secondary
Pentan-2-ol
118.8
3-methyl-2-butanol or sec-isoamyl alcohol or methyl isopropyl carbinol
secondary
3-Methylbutan-2-ol
113.6
3-Pentanol
secondary
Pentan-3-ol
115.3
2-methyl-2-butanol or tert-amyl alcohol
tertiary
2-Methylbutan-2-ol
102
Three of these alcohols, 2-methyl-1-butanol, 2-pentanol, and 3-methyl-2-butanol (methyl isopropyl carbinol), contain stereocenters, and are therefore chiral and optically active.
The most important amyl alcohol is isoamyl alcohol, the chief one generated by fermentation in the production of alcoholic beverages and a constituent of fusel oil. The other amyl alcohols may be obtained synthetically.
ethanol Alcohol may also refer to: Types of alcohols: Amylalcohol Aromatic alcohols Fatty alcohol Fluoroalcohol Primary alcohol Secondary alcohol Sugar...
group. It is the ester of amylalcohol and nitric acid. Alkyl nitrates are employed as reagents in organic synthesis. Amyl nitrate is used as an additive...
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Amyl nitrite is a chemical compound with the formula C5H11ONO. A variety of isomers are known, but they all feature an amyl group attached to the nitrite...
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some plant cells Amyl acetate, used as a flavoring agent, solvent, and in the preparation of penicillin Amylalcohol, a solvent Amyl nitrate, organic...
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Sugar alcohols (also called polyhydric alcohols, polyalcohols, alditols or glycitols) are organic compounds, typically derived from sugars, containing...
pentanol isomers (amylalcohols), or mixtures of pentanols, are often referred to as amyl acetate. The symptoms of exposure to amyl acetate in humans...
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A primary alcohol is an alcohol in which the hydroxy group is bonded to a primary carbon atom. It can also be defined as a molecule containing a “–CH2OH”...
Stearyl alcohol, or 1-octadecanol, is an organic compound classified as a saturated fatty alcohol with the formula CH3(CH2)16CH2OH. It takes the form...
Phenethyl alcohol, or 2-phenylethanol, is an organic compound with the chemical formula C6H5CH2CH2OH. It is a colourless liquid with a pleasant floral...
Mannitol is a type of sugar alcohol used as a sweetener and medication. It is used as a low calorie sweetener as it is poorly absorbed by the intestines...
Butanol (also called butyl alcohol) is a four-carbon alcohol with a formula of C4H9OH, which occurs in five isomeric structures (four structural isomers)...
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