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Medical condition
Alpha cell hyperplasia
Specialty
Gastroenterology
Alpha cell hyperplasia is defined as a specific (without similar change in other islet cells), diffuse (not limited to a particular part of pancreas), and overwhelming (many-fold) increase of the number of pancreatic alpha cells.[1][2] The pancreatic islets normally contain 4 types of cells; the alpha cells produce and release glucagon, a hormone that regulates the metabolism of glucose and amino acids. Although first described in early 1990s, alpha cell hyperplasia had remained an esoteric topic until the mid-2010s. Based on the pathogenesis and clinical presentation, alpha cell hyperplasia can be divided into 3 types: reactive, nonfunctional, and functional.
^Ouyang D, Dhall D, Yu R (2011). "Pathologic pancreatic endocrine cell hyperplasia". World Journal of Gastroenterology. 17 (2): 137–43. doi:10.3748/wjg.v17.i2.137. PMC 3020366. PMID 21245985.
^Yu R (2014). "Pancreatic α-cell hyperplasia: facts and myths". Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 99 (3): 748–56. doi:10.1210/jc.2013-2952. PMID 24285676.
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