Skin flushing, a common symptom of alcohol intolerance
Alcohol intolerance is due to a genetic polymorphism of the aldehyde dehydrogenase enzyme, which is responsible for the metabolism of acetaldehyde (produced from the metabolism of alcohol by alcohol dehydrogenase).[1][2] This polymorphism is most often reported in patients of East Asian descent.[3][4][5][6] Alcohol intolerance may also be an associated side effect of certain drugs such as disulfiram, metronidazole, or nilutamide. Skin flushing and nasal congestion are the most common symptoms of intolerance after alcohol ingestion.[5][6] It may also be characterized as intolerance causing hangover symptoms similar to the "disulfiram-like reaction" of aldehyde dehydrogenase deficiency or chronic fatigue syndrome.[7][8][9] Severe pain after drinking alcohol may indicate a more serious underlying condition.[5][10]
Drinking alcohol in addition to consuming calcium cyanamide can cause permanent or long-lasting intolerance (nitrolime disease),[11][12] contributing (in conjunction with other substances) to the accumulation of harmful acetaldehyde in the body by inhibiting the acetaldehyde dehydrogenase enzyme.
^Agarwal, Dharam P.; Goedde, H. Werner (1990). Alcohol Metabolism, Alcohol Intolerance, and Alcoholism. pp. 57–59. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-74904-9. ISBN 978-3-642-74906-3. S2CID 46280438.
^Harada, S.; Agarwal, D.P.; Goedde, H.W. (October 1981). "Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Deficiency as Cause of Facial Flushing Reaction to Alcohol in Japanese". The Lancet. 318 (8253): 982. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(81)91172-7. ISSN 0140-6736. PMID 6117742. S2CID 6468178.
^Mizuno, Yuji; Morita, Sumio; Harada, Eisaku; Shono, Makoto; Morikawa, Yoshinobu; Murohara, Toyoaki; Yasue, Hirofumi (2013). "Alcohol Flushing and Positive Ethanol Patch Test in Patients with Coronary Spastic Angina: Possible Role of Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2 Polymorphisms". Internal Medicine. 52 (23): 2593–2598. doi:10.2169/internalmedicine.52.0894. ISSN 0918-2918. PMID 24292747.
^Tsuritani, Ikiko; Ikai, Eriko; Date, Takayasu; Suzuki, Yasuhito; Ishizaki, Masao; Yamada, Yuichi (1995). "Polymorphism in ALDH2-genotype in Japanese men and the alcohol-blood pressure relationship*". American Journal of Hypertension. 8 (11): 1053–1059. doi:10.1016/0895-7061(95)00222-b. ISSN 0895-7061. PMID 8554727.
^ abc"Alcohol intolerance - Symptoms and causes". Mayo Clinic. Retrieved 2019-11-07.
^ abAoki, Y.; Wehage, S. L.; Talalay, P. (November 2017). "Quantification of skin erythema response to topical alcohol in alcohol-intolerant East Asians". Skin Research and Technology. 23 (4): 593–596. doi:10.1111/srt.12376. PMID 28513003. S2CID 34497300.
^De Sousa, Avinash (2019). Disulfiram: Its Use in Alcohol Dependence and Other Disorders (1st ed.). Singapore: Springer Singapore. pp. 9–10. ISBN 978-981-32-9876-7.
^Petersen, E. N. (November 1992). "The pharmacology and toxicology of disulfiram and its metabolites". Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. 86 (S369): 7–13. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1992.tb03309.x. ISSN 0001-690X. PMID 1471556. S2CID 21475637.
^Hald, Jens; Jacobsen, Erik (2009-03-13). "The Formation of Acetaldehyde in the Organism after Ingestion of Antabuse (Tetraethylthiuramdisulphide) and Alcohol". Acta Pharmacologica et Toxicologica. 4 (3–4): 305–310. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0773.1948.tb03352.x. ISSN 0001-6683.
^Ma, Lucy; Varma, Sanskriti; Niranjan-Azadi, Ashwini (2019). "Hodgkin lymphoma presenting as alcohol-induced back pain". BMJ Case Reports. 12 (11): e228440. doi:10.1136/bcr-2018-228440. ISSN 1757-790X. PMC 6887434. PMID 31780609.
^Potential risks to human health and the environment from the use of calcium cyanamide as fertiliser, page 29, Scientific Committee on Health and Environmental Risks, Retrieved 14 November 2016
^Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft DFG, ed. (2012-10-17). List of MAK and BAT Values 2012: Maximum Concentrations and Biological Tolerance Values at the Workplace. Report 48. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA. doi:10.1002/9783527666034. ISBN 978-3-527-66603-4.
and 22 Related for: Alcohol intolerance information
Alcoholintolerance is due to a genetic polymorphism of the aldehyde dehydrogenase enzyme, which is responsible for the metabolism of acetaldehyde (produced...
weight AlcoholintoleranceAlcohol intoxication Alcohol myopia Alcohol tolerance Alcoholism, from alcohol + -ism, the continued drinking of alcohol despite...
original on 19 October 2017. Retrieved 22 July 2011. "Gluten Allergies/AlcoholIntolerance and the Bread and Wine used at Mass", circular letter Prot. 89/78-174...
Alcohol intoxication, also known in overdose as alcohol poisoning, commonly described as drunkenness or inebriation, is the behavior and physical effects...
mechanism of the interaction of alcohol and metronidazole, and a possible central toxic serotonin reaction for the alcoholintolerance is suggested. Metronidazole...
drink, or simply a drink) is a drink that contains ethanol, a type of alcohol and is produced by fermentation of grains, fruits, or other sources of...
Dexerto. 1 February 2019. Retrieved 27 January 2024. "Gluten Allergies/AlcoholIntolerance and the Bread and Wine used at Mass", circular letter Prot. 89/78-174...
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASDs) are a group of conditions that can occur in a person who is exposed to alcohol during gestation, as a result...
however, a minority opinion. Historically, many Muslim elites consumed alcohol, encompassing the reign of the Umayyads, the Abbasids, Islamic Spain (al-Andalus)...
hypothrombinemia) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (causing alcoholintolerance). Thus, consumption of alcohol after taking these cephalosporin orally or intravenously...
; McKinneley, W. M.; Duckers, K. (1979). "Dimethylformamide and alcoholintolerance". British Journal of Industrial Medicine. 36 (1): 63–66. doi:10.1136/oem...
production, importation, transportation and sale of alcoholic beverages. The alcohol industry was curtailed by a succession of state legislatures, and finally...
laws pertaining to the production, sale, distribution, and consumption of alcohol vary significantly across the country. On July 17, 1984, the National Minimum...
Blood alcohol content (BAC), also called blood alcohol concentration or blood alcohol level, is a measurement of alcohol intoxication used for legal or...
Alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS) is a set of symptoms that can occur following a reduction in alcohol use after a period of excessive use. Symptoms typically...
Histamine intolerance is a presumed set of adverse reactions (such as flush, itching, rhinitis, etc.) to ingested histamine in food. The mainstream theory...
development of alcohol use disorder. Alcohol tolerance is increased by regular drinking. This reduced sensitivity to the physical effects of alcohol consumption...
countries or territories have or had comprehensive prohibitions against alcohol. Particularly the term refers to the banning of the manufacture, storage...
drinking of alcohol despite it causing problems. Some definitions require evidence of dependence and withdrawal. Problematic use of alcohol has been mentioned...
which such bans are enforced. Some kind of limitation on the trade in alcohol can be seen in the Code of Hammurabi (c. 1772 BCE) specifically banning...
Alcohol (also known as ethanol) has a number of effects on health. Short-term effects of alcohol consumption include intoxication and dehydration. Long-term...
Global Information