Model of self-propelled motion in a dissipative environment
An active Brownian particle (ABP) is a model of self-propelled motion in a dissipative environment.[1][2][3] It is a nonequilibrium generalization of a Brownian particle.
The self-propulsion results from a force that acts on the particle's center of mass and points in the direction of an intrinsic body axis (the particle orientation).[3] It is common to treat particles as spheres, though other shapes (such as rods) have also been studied.[4][5] Both the center of mass and the direction of the propulsive force are subjected to white noise, which contributes a diffusive component to the overall dynamics. In its simplest version, the dynamics is overdamped and the propulsive force has constant magnitude, so that the magnitude of the velocity is likewise constant (speed-up to terminal velocity is instantaneous).
The term active Brownian particle usually refers to this simple model[1] and its straightforward extensions, though some authors have used it for more general self-propelled particle models.[5][6]
^ abHowse, Jonathan R.; Jones, Richard A. L.; Ryan, Anthony J.; Gough, Tim; Vafabakhsh, Reza; Golestanian, Ramin (2007-07-27). "Self-Motile Colloidal Particles: From Directed Propulsion to Random Walk". Physical Review Letters. 99 (4): 048102. arXiv:0706.4406. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.99.048102.
^Marchetti et al. 2016.
^ abZöttl & Stark 2016.
^Peruani 2016.
^ abBechinger et al. 2016.
^Romanczuk et al. 2012.
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