Autophagy related 12 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ATG12 gene.[5][6]
Autophagy is a process of bulk protein degradation in which cytoplasmic components, including organelles, are enclosed in double-membrane structures called autophagosomes and delivered to lysosomes or vacuoles for degradation. ATG12 is the human homolog of a yeast protein involved in autophagy (Mizushima et al., 1998).[supplied by OMIM][6]
Autophagy requires the covalent attachment of the protein Atg12 to ATG5 through a ubiquitin-like conjugation system. The Atg12-Atg5 conjugate then promotes the conjugation of ATG8 to the lipid phosphatidylethanolamine.[7]
Atg12 was found to be involved in apoptosis. This protein promotes apoptosis through an interaction with anti-apoptotic members of the Bcl-2 family.[8]
^ abcGRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000145782 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ abcGRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000032905 – Ensembl, May 2017
^"Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^"Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^Mizushima N, Sugita H, Yoshimori T, Ohsumi Y (Jan 1999). "A new protein conjugation system in human. The counterpart of the yeast Apg12p conjugation system essential for autophagy". J Biol Chem. 273 (51): 33889–33892. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.51.33889. PMID 9852036.
^ ab"Entrez Gene: ATG12 ATG12 autophagy related 12 homolog (S. cerevisiae)".
^J. Geng, and D. J. Klionsky, 'The Atg8 and Atg12 Ubiquitin-Like Conjugation Systems in Macroautophagy. 'Protein Modifications: Beyond the Usual Suspects' Review Series', EMBO Rep, 9 (2008), 859-64.
^A. D. Rubinstein, M. Eisenstein, Y. Ber, S. Bialik, and A. Kimchi, 'The Autophagy Protein Atg12 Associates with Antiapoptotic Bcl-2 Family Members to Promote Mitochondrial Apoptosis', Mol Cell, 44 (2011), 698-709
Autophagy related 12 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ATG12 gene. Autophagy is a process of bulk protein degradation in which cytoplasmic...
in autophagic vesicles. It is activated by ATG7 and forms a complex with ATG12 and ATG16L1. This complex is necessary for LC3-I (microtubule-associated...
through Atg12-Atg5 and LC3 complexes. The conjugate of Atg12-Atg5 also interacts with Atg16 to form larger complexes. Modification of Atg5 by Atg12 is essential...
ATG5-ATG12 complex. Both proteins, Atg5 and Atg12 were originally identified as part of another Ubl conjugating system that promotes conjugation of ATG12 to...
two enzymatic cascades with ATG12-ATG5 and mATG8-phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) conjugates as their end products. The ATG12-ATG5 protein-protein conjugate...
systems involved in autophagy covalently binds the ubiquitin-like protein Atg12 to Atg5. The resulting conjugate protein then binds ATG16L1 to form an E3-like...
through ATG12-ATG5 and LC3-II (ATG8-II) complexes. ATG12 is conjugated to ATG5 in a ubiquitin-like reaction that requires ATG7 and ATG10. The Atg12–Atg5...
Toshifumi Takao; Fuyuhiko Inagaki; Yoshinori Ohsumi (December 28, 2007). "The Atg12-Atg5 conjugate has a novel E3-like activity for protein lipidation in autophagy"...
gene. This protein is characterized as a subunit of the autophagy-related ATG12-ATG5/ATG16 complex and is essentially important for the LC3 (ATG8) lipidation...
and ATG16L1) of other complexes (Beclin 1-VPS34-ATG14 and ATG16L1-ATG5-ATG12) initiating autophagy, many of them being under negative control of mTOR...
human leukocyte antigen F-associated (FAT10), autophagy-8 (ATG8) and -12 (ATG12), Few ubiquitin-like protein (FUB1), MUB (membrane-anchored UBL), ubiquitin...
ATG7 acts like an E-1 enzyme for ubiquitin-like proteins (UBL) such as ATG12 and ATG8. ATG7 helps these UBL proteins in targeting their molecule by binding...
a series of ubiquitin-like reactions involving enzymes ATG7, ATG3, and ATG12-ATG5-ATG16, becomes conjugated to the head group of the lipid phosphatidylethanolamine...
"Frameshift mutations of autophagy-related genes ATG2B, ATG5, ATG9B and ATG12 in gastric and colorectal cancers with microsatellite instability". J. Pathol...
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