1944 extermination of civilians by Nazi forces in Wola, Warsaw, Poland
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Wola genocide
Part of Generalplan Ost and Nazi crimes against the Polish nation
The Wola Genocide Memorial on Górczewska Street at the location of the railway embankment where up to 10,000 people were shot and then burned by the Germans between 5 and 8 August 1944
Location
Wola, Warsaw
Date
5–12 August 1944
Target
Poles
Attack type
Genocide
Deaths
40,000–50,000[1]
Perpetrators
Nazi Germany
Motive
Warsaw Uprising suppression
The Wola massacre (Polish: Rzeź Woli, lit. 'Wola slaughter') was the systematic killing of between 40,000 and 50,000 Poles in the Wola neighbourhood of the Polish capital city, Warsaw, by the German Waffen-SS and fellow Axis collaborators in the Azerbaijani Legion, as well as the predominantly-Russian RONA forces, which took place from 5 to 12 August 1944. The massacre was ordered by Heinrich Himmler, who directed to kill "anything that moves" to stop the Warsaw Uprising soon after it began.[a]
Tens of thousands of Polish civilians along with captured Home Army resistance fighters were murdered by the Germans in organised mass executions throughout Wola. Whole families, including babies, children and the elderly, were often shot on the spot, but some were killed after torture and sexual assault.[2] Soldiers murdered patients in hospitals, killing them in their beds, as well as the doctors and nurses caring for them. Dogs were let loose to find survivors to be killed. The operation was led by Erich von dem Bach-Zelewski, though its main perpetrators were the Dirlewanger Brigade and the "RONA" Kaminski Brigade, whose forces committed the cruelest atrocities,[3] drawing criticism from Bach-Zelewski himself.[4]
The Germans anticipated that these atrocities would crush the insurrectionists' will to fight and put the uprising to a swift end.[5] However, the ruthless pacification of Wola only stiffened Polish resistance, and it took another two months of heavy fighting for the Germans to regain control of the city.
^Bartrop, Paul R.; Grimm, Eve E. (2019). Perpetrating the Holocaust: Leaders, Enablers, and Collaborators. ABC-CLIO. pp. 12–13. ISBN 978-1440858963.
^Cite error: The named reference :0 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference :1 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Borowiec, Andrew. Destroy Warsaw!: Hitler's Punishment, Stalin's Revenge. p. 101.
^Cite error: The named reference WUWola was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
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