First page of Paul's epistle to Philemon in the Rochester Bible (12th century).A modern calligraphic rendition of the word calligraphy (Denis Brown, 2006)
Western calligraphy is the art of writing and penmanship
as practiced in the Western world, especially using the Latin alphabet (but also including calligraphic use of the Cyrillic and Greek alphabets, as opposed to "Eastern" traditions such as Turko-Perso-Arabic, Chinese or Indian calligraphy).
A contemporary definition of calligraphic practice is "the art of giving form to signs in an expressive, harmonious and skillful manner."[1] The story of writing is one of aesthetic development framed within the technical skills, transmission speed(s) and material limitations of a person, time and place.[2]
A style of writing is described as a script, hand or alphabet.[3]
Calligraphy ranges from functional hand-lettered inscriptions and designs to fine art pieces where the abstract expression of the handwritten mark may or may not supersede the legibility of the letters.[4]
Classical calligraphy differs from typography and non-classical hand-lettering, though a calligrapher may create all of these; characters are historically disciplined yet fluid and spontaneous, improvised at the moment of writing.[5]
Calligraphic writing continued to play a role long after the introduction of the printing press in the West, official documents being drawn up in engrossed or handwritten form well into the 18th century.
A revival of calligraphy in the later 19th century was associated with the Art Nouveau and Arts and Crafts movements, and it continues to be practiced, typically commissioned for private purposes such as wedding invitations, logo design, memorial documents, etc.[6]
Westerncalligraphy is the art of writing and penmanship as practiced in the Western world, especially using the Latin alphabet (but also including calligraphic...
Classical calligraphy differs from type design and non-classical hand-lettering, though a calligrapher may practice both. Westerncalligraphy continues...
Arabic calligraphy is the artistic practice of handwriting and calligraphy based on the Arabic alphabet. It is known in Arabic as khatt (Arabic: خَطّ)...
Japanese calligraphy (書道, shodō), also called shūji (習字), is a form of calligraphy, or artistic writing, of the Japanese language. Written Japanese was...
Islamic calligraphy is the artistic practice of handwriting and calligraphy, in the languages which use Arabic alphabet or the alphabets derived from...
Chinese calligraphy is the writing of Chinese characters as an art form, combining purely visual art and interpretation of the literary meaning. This...
Kurrent (German: [kʊˈʁɛnt]) is an old form of German-language handwriting based on late medieval cursive writing, also known as Kurrentschrift ("cursive...
Vietnamese calligraphy (Vietnamese alphabet: Thư pháp Việt Nam, Chữ Hán: 書法越南) relates to the calligraphic traditions of Vietnam. It includes calligraphic works...
1994) ISBN 0-944435-24-6 Whalley, Joyce Irene (1980). The Art of Calligraphy, Western Europe & America. London: Bloomsbury. p. 400. ISBN 978-0-906223-64-2...
111 font. Writing portal Asemic writing Bastarda Blackletter Book hand Calligraphy Chancery hand Court hand (also known as common law hand, Anglicana, cursiva...
streamlined form of Spencerian script Round hand, a style of handwriting and calligraphy originating in England in the 1660s Regional handwriting variation Teaching...
handwriting system in the United States Round hand, a style of handwriting and calligraphy originating in England in the 1660s Zaner-Bloser, another streamlined...
Bible known as the Vetus Latina. It is regarded as a masterwork of Westerncalligraphy and the pinnacle of Insular illumination. The manuscript takes its...
and calligraphy that was developed during the Renaissance in Italy. It is one of the most popular styles used in contemporary Westerncalligraphy. Italic...
This article contains Gothic characters. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of letters. The...
Round hand (also roundhand) is a type of handwriting and calligraphy originating in England in the 1660s primarily by the writing masters John Ayres and...
Merovingian script or Gallo-Roman script (Latin: Scriptura Merovingica/Francogallica) was a medieval variant of the Latin script so called because it was...
The Beneventan script was a medieval script which originated in the Duchy of Benevento in southern Italy. In the past it has also been called Langobarda...
Historic European script and typeface Book hand – Legible handwriting style Calligraphy – Visual art related to writing Chancery hand – Any of several styles...
curvatures with contemporary calligraphy tools. Curves in Roman cursive were smaller than curves in standard Latin calligraphy; this is likely because smaller...
Insular script is a medieval script system originating from Ireland that spread to England and continental Europe under the influence of Irish Christianity...
Persian calligraphy or Iranian calligraphy (Persian: خوشنِویسیِ ایرانی) is the calligraphy of the Persian language. It is one of the most revered arts...
A copperplate script is a style of calligraphic writing most commonly associated with English Roundhand. Although often used as an umbrella term for various...
Visigothic script was a type of medieval script that originated in the Visigothic Kingdom in Hispania (the Iberian Peninsula). Its more limiting alternative...
Book hand Calligraphy Chancery hand Cursive Handwriting History of writing Italic script Palaeography Penmanship Ronde script (calligraphy) Rotunda (script)...
Korean calligraphy, also known as Seoye (Korean: 서예), is the Korean tradition of artistic writing. Calligraphy in Korean culture involves both Hanja (Chinese...
the shape of ɯ̅. Varieties of Russian calligraphic cursive from an 1835 dictionary Pre-reform Russian calligraphic cursive from a 1916 schoolbook Modern...
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