Historical name for regions of Chinese suzerainty in Central Asia
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Western Regions
Chinese
西域
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin
Xīyù
Wade–Giles
Hsi1-yü4
Yue: Cantonese
Jyutping
sai1 wik6
Middle Chinese
Middle Chinese
/seiɦwɨk̚/
Old Chinese
Zhengzhang
*sɯːlɢʷrɯɡ
The Western Regions in the first century BC.
Part of a series on the
History of Xinjiang
Ancient period
Tocharians
Yuezhi
Xiongnu
Western Regions
(Han Protectorate; Chief Officials)
Kingdom of Khotan
Former Liang
Former Qin
Later Liang
Western Liang
Gaochang
Rouran
First Turkic Khaganate
Western Turkic Khaganate
Eastern Turkic Khaganate
Second Turkic Khaganate
Medieval and early modern period
Tang Protectorates (West; Beiting)
Tibetan Empire
Uyghur Khaganate
Kara-Khanid Khanate
Kingdom of Qocho
Qara Khitai
Mongol Empire (Yuan; Chagatai Khanate)
Moghulistan (Turpan; Yarkent)
Ming ruled Kara Del
Dzungar Khanate
Kumul Khanate
Yettishar
Qing rule
(Dzungar genocide
Dungan Revolt
Qing reconquest)
Modern period
Xinjiang Province, Republic of China
(Xinjiang clique
1st East Turkestan Republic
2nd East Turkestan Republic)
Xinjiang Province, People's Republic of China
Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region
(Production and Construction Corps
Xinjiang conflict
Xinjiang internment camps / Persecution of Uyghurs in China)
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The Western Regions or Xiyu (Hsi-yü; Chinese: 西域) was a historical name specified in Ancient Chinese chronicles between the 3rd century BC to the 8th century AD[1] that referred to the regions west of the Yumen Pass, most often the Tarim Basin in present-day southern Xinjiang (also known as Altishahr) and Central Asia (specifically the easternmost portion around the Ferghana Valley) , though it was sometimes used more generally to refer to other regions to the west of China as well, such as Parthia (which technically belonged to West Asia) and Tianzhu (as in the novel Journey to the West, which refers to the Indian subcontinent in South Asia).
Because of its strategic location astride the Silk Road, the Western Regions have been historically significant to China since at least the 3rd century BC.
^Tikhvinskiĭ, Sergeĭ Leonidovich and Leonard Sergeevich Perelomov (1981). China and her neighbours, from ancient times to the Middle Ages: a collection of essays. Progress Publishers. p. 124.
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