Aircraft aerodynamic drag at transonic and supersonic speeds due to the presence of shock waves
For Wave drag related to watercrafts, see Wave making resistance.
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In aeronautics, wave drag is a component of the aerodynamic drag on aircraft wings and fuselage, propeller blade tips and projectiles moving at transonic and supersonic speeds, due to the presence of shock waves.[1] Wave drag is independent of viscous effects,[2] and tends to present itself as a sudden and dramatic increase in drag as the vehicle increases speed to the critical Mach number. It is the sudden and dramatic rise of wave drag that leads to the concept of a sound barrier.
^Anderson, John D. Jr. (1991). Fundamentals of aerodynamics (2nd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill. pp. 492, 573. ISBN 0-07-001679-8.
In aeronautics, wavedrag is a component of the aerodynamic drag on aircraft wings and fuselage, propeller blade tips and projectiles moving at transonic...
Parasitic drag, also known as profile drag,: 254 : 256 is a type of aerodynamic drag that acts on any object when the object is moving through a fluid...
extracted as work, and as a drag force on supersonic objects; shock waves are strongly irreversible processes. Shock waves can be: Normal At 90° (perpendicular)...
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American English) is an airfoil designed primarily to delay the onset of wavedrag in the transonic speed range. Supercritical airfoils are characterized...
aircraft drag is originated due to: Skin-friction drag due to shearing. The wavedrag due to the thickness (or volume) or zero-lift wavedragDrag due to...
increase in drag from about Mach 0.8, and it is the fuel costs of the drag that typically limits the airspeed. Attempts to reduce wavedrag can be seen...
which avoids the formation of N-type shock waves and thus does not create a sonic boom or the associated wavedrag. However in its original form it does not...
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speeds due to an effect known as wavedrag, which occurs as an airfoil approaches supersonic speeds. This powerful form of drag reduces propeller efficiency...
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creating relatively large waves, and thus a relatively large value of wavedrag. Ship drag for a displacement hull increases smoothly with speed as hull speed...
faster. This appears to be a new form of drag—referred to as wavedrag—which peaks at about three times the drag at speeds even slightly below the critical...
The drag curve or drag polar is the relationship between the drag on an aircraft and other variables, such as lift, the coefficient of lift, angle-of-attack...
component of drag, will also increase. Therefore, the minimum drag fineness ratio is ultimately going to be a trade-off between the decreasing wavedrag and increasing...
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