This article needs to be updated. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.(October 2012)
Turkey: Water and sanitation
Data
Access to an improved water source
99%[1]
Access to improved sanitation
90%[1]
Continuity of supply (%)
Not available
Average urban water use (liter/capita/day)
112[2]
Average water and sanitation tariff (US$/m3)
0.9 - 2.05 (2009) or 1.32 - 3.04 Turkish Lira in the 16 largest cities
Share of household metering
High
Annual investment in water supply and sanitation
US$1 billion per year (US$13 per capita and year)
Sources of investment financing
Not available
Institutions
Decentralization
Yes
National water and sanitation company
No
Water and sanitation regulator
No
Responsibility for policy setting
Shared between different Ministries
Sector law
No
Number of urban service providers
2379
Number of rural service providers
Not available
Water supply and sanitation in Turkey is characterized by achievements and challenges. Over the past decades access to drinking water has become almost universal and access to adequate sanitation has also increased substantially. Autonomous utilities have been created in the 16 metropolitan cities of Turkey and cost recovery has been increased, thus providing the basis for the sustainability of service provision. Intermittent supply, which was common in many cities, has become less frequent. In 2004, 61% of the wastewater collected through sewers was being treated. In 2020 77% of water was used by agriculture, 10% by households and the rest by industry.[3]
Remaining challenges include the need to further increase wastewater treatment, to reduce the high level of non-revenue water hovering around 50% and to expand access to adequate sanitation in rural areas. The investment required to comply with EU standards in the sector, especially in wastewater treatment, is estimated to be in the order of Euro 2 billion per year, more than double the current level of investment.[4]
Institutionally the sector is fragmented. Policy, regulatory and planning functions are dispersed between five Ministries, the State Hydraulic Works (DSI) and the State Planning Organization under the Prime Minister's Office. Service provision is the responsibility of about 2,400 municipalities and 16 utilities in the largest cities. External cooperation has played and continues to play a major role for water and sanitation in Turkey. Germany, France, the European Union and the World Bank are the major external partners.
^ abJoint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply and Sanitation:Data Archived 2010-03-23 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved August 23, 2010.
^Cite error: The named reference TSI was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Ateş, Hazal (2020-12-14). "Turkey's action plan to fight drought focuses on saving water sources". Daily Sabah. Retrieved 2021-01-03.
^Ministry of Environment and Forestry: EU Integrated Environmental Approximation Strategy Archived 2012-03-12 at the Wayback Machine, 2007, p. 17
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