Восток Космическая Программа Vostok Kosmicheskaya Programma
Model of Vostok spacecraft with third stage of R-7
Program overview
Country
Soviet Union
Manager
Sergei Korolev
Purpose
Put the first Soviet citizens into low Earth orbit and return them safely.
Status
Completed
Programme history
Duration
1961–1963
First flight
Vostok 1
Last flight
Vostok 6
Launch site(s)
Baikonur Cosmodrome
Vehicle information
Crewed vehicle(s)
Vostok
Crew capacity
1
Launch vehicle(s)
Vostok
Part of a series of articles on the
Soviet space program
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Luna program
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RELIKT-1
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Expendable launch vehicles
Kosmos-3M
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K
Soyuz
U
Zenit
2
Energia
Kosmos
1
2I
3
3M
N1
R-7
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Polyot
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L
M
U2
Soyuz/Vostok
Sputnik
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Vostok
L
K
2
2M
Tsyklon
2
3
Notable figures
Konstantin Tsiolkovsky
Friedrich Zander
Mstislav Keldysh
Sergei Korolev
Laika
Yuri Gagarin
Alexander Kemurdzhian
Valentina Tereshkova
Alexei Leonov
Konstantin Feoktistov
Mikhail Tikhonravov
Mikhail Yangel
Valentin Glushko
Vladimir Chelomey
Kerim Kerimov
Vasily Mishin
Boris Chertok
Cosmonauts
List of Soviet and Russian cosmonauts
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The Vostok programme (/ˈvɒstɒk,vɒˈstɒk/; Russian: Восток, IPA:[vɐˈstok], translated as "East") was a Soviet human spaceflight project to put the first Soviet citizens into low Earth orbit and return them safely. Competing with the United States Project Mercury, it succeeded in placing the first human into space, Yuri Gagarin, in a single orbit in Vostok 1 on April 12, 1961. The Vostok capsule was developed from the Zenit spy satellite project, and its launch vehicle was adapted from the existing R-7 Semyorka intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) design. The name "Vostok" was treated as classified information until Gagarin's flight was first publicly disclosed to the world press.
The programme carried out six crewed spaceflights between 1961 and 1963. The longest flight lasted nearly five days, and the last four were launched in pairs, one day apart. This exceeded Project Mercury's demonstrated capabilities of a longest flight of just over 34 hours, and of single missions.
Vostok was succeeded by two Voskhod programme flights in 1964 and 1965, which used three- and two-man modifications of the Vostok capsule and a larger launch rocket.
The Vostokprogramme (/ˈvɒstɒk, vɒˈstɒk/; Russian: Восток, IPA: [vɐˈstok], translated as "East") was a Soviet human spaceflight project to put the first...
the Vostokprogramme and a recycling of components left over from that programme's cancellation following its first six flights. The Voskhod programme was...
Vostok 1 (Russian: Восток, East or Orient 1) was the first spaceflight of the Vostokprogramme and the first human orbital spaceflight in history. The...
Vostok (Russian: Восток) refers to east in Russian but may also refer to: Vostokprogramme, Soviet human spaceflight project Vostok (spacecraft), a type...
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spaceflight, became the first human to journey into outer space. Travelling on Vostok 1, Gagarin completed one orbit of Earth on 12 April 1961, with his flight...
previous pair of Vostok 3 and Vostok 4 the two Vostok spacecraft came close to one another in orbit and established a radio link. Vostok 5 launched on 14...
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woman to have been on a solo space mission and is the last surviving Vostokprogramme cosmonaut. She was the youngest woman to fly in space until 2023 when...
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Vostok 2 (Russian: Восток-2, Orient 2 or East 2) was a Soviet space mission which carried cosmonaut Gherman Titov into orbit for a full day on August 6...
The VostokProgramme was the first Soviet spaceflight project to put Soviet citizens into low Earth orbit and return them safely. The programme carried...
Vostok 3 (Russian: Восток-3, lit. 'Orient 3' or 'East 3') and Vostok 4 (Восток-4, 'Orient 4' or 'East 4') were Soviet space program flights in August 1962...
third Soviet human spaceflight programme after the Vostok (1961–1963) and Voskhod (1964–1965) programmes. The programme consists of the Soyuz capsule and...
film about Vostok 1, the first human space flight around the Earth. By matching the orbit of the International Space Station to that of Vostok 1 as closely...
miles (160 km) (perigee). Unlike the crewed missions of Soviet Union's Vostokprogramme, Glenn remained within the spacecraft during landing. The flight made...
Union. The Space Age brought the first human spaceflight during the Vostokprogramme and reached its peak with the Apollo program which captured the imagination...
The Salyut programme (Russian: Салют, IPA: [sɐˈlʲut], meaning "salute" or "fireworks") was the first space station programme, undertaken by the Soviet...
Soviet Union Korabl-Sputnik 1 Vostok-L Earth Success First test flight of the Soviet Vostokprogramme, and the first Vostok spacecraft April 1 US TIROS-1...
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