For the aircraft engine manufacturer, see Salyut Machine-Building Association.
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Salyut programme
Салют Космическая Программа Salyut Kosmicheskaya Programma
Salyut programme insignia
Program overview
Country
Soviet Union
Purpose
Space station
Status
Completed
Programme history
Duration
1971–1986
First flight
Salyut 1
First crewed flight
Soyuz 10
Last flight
Soyuz T-15
Successes
71
Failures
10
Launch site(s)
Baikonur
Vehicle information
Crewed vehicle(s)
Soyuz
Crew capacity
3
Launch vehicle(s)
Proton-K
Part of a series of articles on the
Soviet space program
Soviet crewed lunar programs
Luna program
Human spaceflight programs
Vostok
Voskhod
Soyuz
Salyut
Apollo–Soyuz (joint)
Mir
Zond (lunar Soyuz 7K-L1)
N1-L3 (Moon landing)
TMK (Mars flyby)
Spiral
Almaz / TKS
Energia / Buran
Space probes
Sputnik program
Kosmos
Bion
GLONASS
Molniya
Meteor
Zenit
Luna program
Zond program
Lunokhod program
Mars program
Phobos program
Marsnik program
Astron (spacecraft)
Orion 1 and Orion 2 Space Observatories
RELIKT-1
Venera
Vega program
Expendable launch vehicles
Kosmos-3M
Molniya-M
Proton
K
Soyuz
U
Zenit
2
Energia
Kosmos
1
2I
3
3M
N1
R-7
Luna
Molniya
Polyot
Soyuz
L
M
U2
Soyuz/Vostok
Sputnik
Voskhod
Vostok
L
K
2
2M
Tsyklon
2
3
Notable figures
Konstantin Tsiolkovsky
Friedrich Zander
Mstislav Keldysh
Sergei Korolev
Laika
Yuri Gagarin
Alexander Kemurdzhian
Valentina Tereshkova
Alexei Leonov
Konstantin Feoktistov
Mikhail Tikhonravov
Mikhail Yangel
Valentin Glushko
Vladimir Chelomey
Kerim Kerimov
Vasily Mishin
Boris Chertok
Cosmonauts
List of Soviet and Russian cosmonauts
v
t
e
The Salyut programme (Russian: Салют, IPA:[sɐˈlʲut], meaning "salute" or "fireworks") was the first space station programme, undertaken by the Soviet Union. It involved a series of four crewed scientific research space stations and two crewed military reconnaissance space stations over a period of 15 years, from 1971 to 1986. Two other Salyut launches failed. In one respect, Salyut had the task of carrying out long-term research into the problems of living in space and a variety of astronomical, biological and Earth-resources experiments, and on the other hand the USSR used this civilian programme as a cover for the highly secretive military Almaz stations, which flew under the Salyut designation. Salyut 1, the first station in the programme, became the world's first crewed space station.
Salyut flights broke several spaceflight records, including several mission-duration records, and achieved the first orbital handover of a space station from one crew to another, and various spacewalk records. The ensuing Soyuz programme was vital for evolving space station technology from a basic, engineering development stage, from single docking port stations to complex, multi-ported, long-term orbital outposts with impressive scientific capabilities, whose technological legacy continues as of 2023[update].[1] Experience gained from the Salyut stations paved the way for multimodular space stations such as Mir and the International Space Station (ISS), with each of those stations possessing a Salyut-derived core module at its heart.
Mir-2 (DOS-8), the final spacecraft from the Salyut series, became one of the first modules of the ISS. The first module of the ISS, the Russian-made Zarya, relied heavily on technologies developed in the Salyut programme.[1]
^ abGrujica S. Ivanovich (22 October 2008). Salyut - The First Space Station: Triumph and Tragedy. Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 978-0-387-73973-1.
The Salyutprogramme (Russian: Салют, IPA: [sɐˈlʲut], meaning "salute" or "fireworks") was the first space station programme, undertaken by the Soviet...
Soviet Salyutprogramme, and launched on 19 April 1982 on a Proton rocket from Site 200/40 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in the Soviet Union. Salyut 7 was...
Salyut 6 (Russian: Салют-6; lit. Salute 6), DOS-5, was a Soviet orbital space station, the eighth station of the Salyutprogramme. It was launched on...
Salyut 1 (DOS-1) (Russian: Салют-1) was the world's first space station launched into low Earth orbit by the Soviet Union on April 19, 1971. The Salyut...
the Salyutprogramme ended in 1986 as efforts were shifted to Mir. Salyutprogramme List of Salyut expeditions List of Salyut visitors List of Salyut spacewalks...
Salyut 2 (OPS-1) (Russian: Салют-2 meaning Salute 2) was a Soviet space station which was launched in 1973 as part of the Salyutprogramme. It was the...
Following the success of the Salyutprogramme, Mir represented the next stage in the Soviet Union's space station programme. The first module of the station...
Salyut 5 (Russian: Салют-5 meaning Salute 5), also known as OPS-3, was a Soviet space station. Launched in 1976 as part of the Salyutprogramme, it was...
long-duration direct human presence in space. After the first station, Salyut 1 (1971), and the deaths of its Soyuz 11 crew, space stations have been...
According to Boris Chertok's memoirs, when the first Soviet space station, Salyut 1, was under construction, its designated name was "Zarya" (which means...
of the Salyutprogramme ended in 1986, when Salyut was superseded by the Mir space station. Salyutprogramme List of human spaceflights to Salyut space...
1976: Salyut 2, Salyut 3 and Salyut 5. To cover the military nature of the program, the three launched Almaz stations were designated as civilian Salyut space...
This is a list of spacewalks conducted from the Salyut space stations. Salyut was a Soviet programme which consisted of a number of early space stations...
Salyut 4. Salyutprogramme List of human spaceflights to Salyut space stations List of Salyut expeditions List of Salyut visitors List of Salyut spacewalks...
performed the first spacewalk aboard Voskhod 2 on March 18, 1965. The Salyutprogramme was the first space station program undertaken by the Soviet Union...
states in physics DOS-1 etc., Russian space station designation in the Salyutprogramme Dioctyl sebacate, an organic chemical Diversity oriented synthesis...
Following the success of the Salyutprogramme, Mir represented the next stage in the Soviet Union's space station programme. The first module of the station...
of the Soyuz programme: Soyuz 10, Soyuz 16, and Soyuz 33. Two of these missions, Soyuz 10 and Soyuz 33, were intended to dock with Salyut space stations...
long-duration direct human presence in space. After the first station, Salyut 1 (1971), and the deaths of its Soyuz 11 crew, space stations have been...
cosmonaut training for the Soviet Moon programme. When that program was cancelled, he went on to work on the Salyut space stations. Grechko made the first...
(after Progress 24) to visit Salyut 7 after its reactivation, and also the last Progress flight as part of the Salyutprogramme. It delivered new spacesuit...
United States Gemini. These capabilities would be required for the Salyutprogramme (space station). Soyuz 1 had been launched with the goal of docking...
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