Violence against Muslims in independent India information

Violence against Muslims in independent India
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Major incidents
1948 Hyderabad massacres 1964 Calcutta riots 1967 Ranchi-Hatia riots 1969 Gujarat riots 1970 Bhiwandi riots 1980 Moradabad riots 1983 Nellie massacre 1985 Gujarat riots 1987 Hashimpura massacre 1989 Bhagalpur violence 1992 Bombay riots 1993 Pangal massacre 2002 Gujarat riots 2006 Malegaon bombings 2013 Muzaffarnagar riots 2014 Assam violence 2020 Delhi riots Freedom of religion Violence against Muslims Religious violence in India Religious persecution
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Islamophobia
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Issues Airport profiling United States Conspiracy theories Counter-jihad Eurabia Great Replacement Halal-related Love jihad Hijabophobia Netherlands France Karnataka, India Media Muslim immigration bans Orientalism Persecution Quran desecration
Status by country Australia Austria Belgium Bosnia–Herzegovina Canada China France Germany Iceland India Indonesia Israel Italy Myanmar Netherlands Norway Poland Russia^[ru] Sweden Switzerland United Kingdom Conservative Party United States Stereotypes
Examples Attacks on mosques: Al-Hidaya Al-Nurayn Bærum Babri Masjid Banya Bashi Bayonne Beit Lahia Bloomington Christchurch Corsica Escondido Gondar Hyderabad Ibrahim Kattankudy Kosovo Manili Malegaon Malmö 2009–10 Palimbang Quebec City Sweden (2014) Zürich Planned attacks California (2001) Singapore Genocide: Bosnian Ethnic cleansing Srebrenica Chechen and Ingush / Crimean Tatars Circassian Pacification of Algeria / Libya Palestinian genocide allegation Rohingya Massacres, torture, expulsion: Abu Ghraib (2000s) Albanians (1912–13) Assam (2014) Ayyadieh (1191) Baghdad (1258) Big Excursion (1989) Bossemptélé (2014) Bukovica (1943) Beirut (1975) Boyo (2021) Cave of the Patriarchs (1994) Granada (1482–92) Gujarat (2002) Guangzhou (878–79) Harmanli (1878) İşkodra and Niş (1877–78) Japan (1937–45) Jerusalem (1099) Karantina (1976) Kulen Vakuf (1941) Kafr Qasim (1956) Lasithi (1897) Mecca (600s) Moriscos (1609) Myanmar (2015) Nellie (1983) Northern Sri Lanka (1990) Norway (2011) Paris (1961) Sri Lanka (2018) Sabra and Shatila (1982) Šahovići (1924) Sétif and Guelma (1945) Shadian (1975) Sohmor (1984) Spain (1500–26) Walisongo (2000) Other incidents: Almondbury bullying incident Bendigo mosque protests Bulli Bai case / Sulli Deals CAA, 2019 Erklärung 2018 Flying imams incident Jerry Klein Haridwar hate speeches Hindutva pop Holy Terror Innocence of Muslims Jyllands-Posten cartoons Kathua rape case Muslim Massacre (video game) Quran desecrations 2005 2010 2011 2019–23 Serbia Strong Persecution of Uyghurs in China Xinjiang internment camps Swiss minaret ban Trojan Horse affair
Media Document.no FrontPage Magazine Jihad Watch OpIndia Politically Incorrect Rebel News Stormfront WikiIslam
Opposition Amnesty International CAIR Forum Against Islamophobia and Racism Human Rights Watch Islamophobia Watch Muslim American Society Muslims Condemn Southern Poverty Law Center Tell MAMA
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Discrimination
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Forms Institutional Structural Statistical Taste-based
Attributes Age Caste Class Dialect Disability Genetic Hair texture Height Language Looks Mental disorder Race / Ethnicity Skin color Scientific racism Rank Sex Sexual orientation Species Size Viewpoint
Social Arophobia Acephobia Adultism Anti-albinism Anti-autism Anti-homelessness Anti-drug addicts Anti-intellectualism Anti-intersex Anti-left handedness Anti-Masonry Antisemitism Aporophobia Audism Biphobia Clannism Cronyism Elitism Ephebiphobia Social determinants of health Social determinants of health in poverty Social determinants of mental health Fatphobia Gayphobia Gerontophobia Heterosexism HIV/AIDS stigma Homophobia Leprosy stigma Lesbophobia Discrimination against men Misandry Misogyny Nepotism Pedophobia Perpetual foreigner Pregnancy Reverse Sectarianism Supremacism Black White Transphobia Non-binary Transmisogyny Vegaphobia Xenophobia
Religious Ahmadiyya Atheism Baháʼí Faith Buddhism Catholicism Christianity post–Cold War era Falun Gong Hinduism Persecution Untouchability Islam Persecution Jehovah's Witnesses Judaism Persecution LDS or Mormon Neopaganism Eastern Orthodox Oriental Orthodox Protestantism Rastafari Shi'ism Sufism Zoroastrianism
Ethnic/national Afghan African Albanian Arab Armenian Asian France South Africa United States Assyrian Azerbaijani Black people African Americans China South Africa Bengali Catalan Chechen Chinese Croat Filipino Finnish French Georgian German Greek Haitian Hazara Hispanic Hungarian Igbo Indian Indigenous people Australia Canada United States Iranian Irish Israeli Italian Japanese Jewish Korean Kurdish Lithuanian Malay Mexican Middle Eastern Mongolian Pakistani Palestinians Pashtun Polish Quebec Romani Romanian Russian Serb Slavic Somali Tatar Thai Turkish Ukrainian Uyghur Venezuelan Vietnamese
Manifestations Anti-LGBT rhetoric Blood libel Bullying Cancel culture Capital punishment for homosexuality Compulsory sterilization Corrective rape Counter-jihad Cultural genocide Defamation Democide Disability hate crime Dog whistle Economic Education Employment Eliminationism Enemy of the people Ethnic cleansing Ethnic conflict Ethnic hatred Ethnic joke Ethnocide Forced conversion Freak show Gay bashing Gendercide Genital modification and mutilation Genocide examples Glass ceiling Hate crime LGBT Hate group Hate speech Homeless dumping Housing Indian rolling Intersectionality Lavender scare LGBT grooming conspiracy theory List of people killed for being transgender Lynching Mortgage Murder music Native American mascots Braves Blackhawks Chiefs Occupational segregation Persecution Pogrom Political repression Purge Racialization Religious persecution Religious terrorism Religious violence Religious war Scapegoating Segregation academy Sexual harassment Sex-selective abortion Slut-shaming Trans bashing Victimisation Violence against women White flight White genocide conspiracy theory Wife selling Witch-hunt
Policies Age of candidacy Blood purity Blood quantum Crime of apartheid Disabilities Catholic Jewish Gender pay gap Gender roles Gerontocracy Gerrymandering Ghetto benches Internment Jewish quota Law for Protection of the Nation MSM blood donation restrictions Nonpersons Numerus clausus (as religious or racial quota) One-drop rule Racial quota Racial segregation Jim Crow laws Nuremberg Laws Racial steering Redlining Same-sex marriage (laws and issues prohibiting) Segregation age racial religious sexual Social exclusion Sodomy law State atheism State religion Ugly law Voter suppression
Countermeasures Affirmative action Anti-discrimination law Anti-racism Constitutional colorblindness Cultural assimilation Cultural pluralism Diversity training Empowerment Fat acceptance movement Feminism Fighting Discrimination Hate speech laws by country Human rights Intersex human rights LGBT rights Masculism Multiculturalism Nonviolence Racial integration Reappropriation Self-determination Social integration Toleration
Related topics Allophilia Amatonormativity Bias Christian privilege Cisnormativity Civil liberties Dehumanization Diversity Ethnic penalty Eugenics Figleaf Gender-blind Heteronormativity Internalized oppression Intersectionality Male privilege Masculism Medical model of disability autism Multiculturalism Net bias Neurodiversity Oikophobia Oppression Police brutality Political correctness Polyculturalism Power distance Prejudice Prisoner abuse Racial bias in criminal news in the United States Racism by country Racial color blindness Religious intolerance Second-generation gender bias Snobbery Social exclusion Social identity threat Social model of disability Social stigma Speciesism Stereotype threat The talk White privilege
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There have been several instances of religious violence against Muslims since the partition of India in 1947, frequently in the form of violent attacks on Muslims by Hindu nationalist mobs that form a pattern of sporadic sectarian violence between the Hindu and Muslim communities. Over 10,000 people have been killed in Hindu-Muslim communal violence since 1950 in 6,933 instances of communal violence between 1954 and 1982.^[1]

The causes of violence against Muslims are varied. The roots are thought to lie in Indian history – resentment towards the Islamic conquest of India during the Middle Ages, divisive policies established by the colonial government during the period of British rule, and the partition of Indian subcontinent into a Muslim-majority Pakistan and an Indian state with a Muslim minority. Many scholars believe that incidents of anti-Muslim violence are politically motivated and a part of the electoral strategy of mainstream political parties who are associated with Hindu nationalism like the Bharatiya Janata Party. Other scholars believe that the violence is not widespread but that it is restricted to certain urban areas because of local socio-political conditions.^[2]

^ ʻAbd Allāh Aḥmad Naʻīm (2008). Islam and the Secular State: Negotiating the Future of Shari'a. Harvard University Press. p. 161. ISBN 978-0-674-02776-3.
^ Yogesh Atal (2009). Sociology and Social Anthropology in India. Pearson Education India. pp. 250–251. ISBN 978-81-317-2034-9.

Violence against Muslims in independent India information

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