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The Quran contains verses believed by Muslims to be revealed to the Islamic prophet Muhammad at different times and under different circumstances – some exhorting violence against enemies and others urging restraint and conciliation. Because some verses abrogate others, and because some are thought to be general commands while others refer to specific enemies, how the verses are understood and how they relate to each other "has been a central issue in Islamic thinking on war" according to scholars such as Charles Matthews.[1]
While numerous scholars explain Quranic phrases on violence to be only in the context of a defensive response to oppression;[2][3][4][5][6] violent groups have interpreted verses to endorse their violent actions[7] and made the Quran's teachings on violence and war a topic of vigorous debate, though it is clear that the Quran does not condone violence with no reason [8][9]
^Cite error: The named reference Mathewes was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Sam Harris Who Are the Moderate Muslims?
^Abdala, Mohamad (27 May 2013). "Critical opinion of Islam ignores the fundamental truths". smh.com.au. The Sydney Morning Herald.
^Sohail H. Hashmi, David Miller, Boundaries and Justice: diverse ethical perspectives, Princeton University Press, p. 197
^The non-Muslims take their proof from the actions of the radical Muslim Jihadists.
Khaleel Muhammad, professor of religious studies at San Diego State University, states, regarding his discussion with the critic Robert Spencer, that "when I am told ... that Jihad only means war, or that I have to accept interpretations of the Quran that non-Muslims (with no good intentions or knowledge of Islam)and 21st century radical Jihadists seek to force upon me, I see a certain agendum developing: one that is based on hate, and I refuse to be part of such an intellectual crime."[1] Archived 8 July 2008 at the Wayback Machine
^Walker, Adam (4 March 2015). "Are peaceful Muslims in denial about their religion?". www.independent.co.uk. The Independent UK.
^Wood, Graeme (March 2015). "What ISIS Really Wants". The Atlantic. Retrieved 6 April 2017.
^"What the Quran Really Says About Violence". Belief Net. Retrieved 5 March 2017.
^Lumbard, Joseph E. B. (23 March 2016). "Understanding the Relationship Between the Quran and Extremism". Huffington Post. Retrieved 6 April 2017.
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