Europe (Italy: Emilia-Romagna, Tuscany, Lazio, Campania)
Period
Early Iron Age, Early phases of the Etruscan civilization
Dates
c. 900–700 BC
Preceded by
Proto-Villanovan culture
Followed by
Orientalizing period (later 700–500 BC) of the Etruscan civilization
The Villanovan culture (c. 900–700 BC), regarded as the earliest phase of the Etruscan civilization,[1][2][3][4][5] was the earliest Iron Age culture of Italy. It directly followed the Bronze Age Proto-Villanovan culture which branched off from the Urnfield culture of Central Europe.[6] The name derives from the locality of Villanova, a fraction of the municipality of Castenaso in the Metropolitan City of Bologna where, between 1853 and 1855, Giovanni Gozzadini found the remains of a necropolis, bringing to light 193 tombs, of which there were 179 cremations and 14 inhumations.[7]
The Villanovans introduced iron-working to the Italian Peninsula. They practiced cremation and buried the ashes of their dead in pottery urns of distinctive double-cone shape.[8]
^Diana Neri (2012). "1.1 Il periodo villanoviano nell'Emilia occidentale". Gli etruschi tra VIII e VII secolo a.C. nel territorio di Castelfranco Emilia (MO) (in Italian). Firenze: All'Insegna del Giglio. p. 9. ISBN 978-8878145337. Il termine "Villanoviano" è entrato nella letteratura archeologica quando, a metà dell '800, il conte Gozzadini mise in luce le prime tombe ad incinerazione nella sua proprietà di Villanova di Castenaso, in località Caselle (BO). La cultura villanoviana coincide con il periodo più antico della civiltà etrusca, in particolare durante i secoli IX e VIII a.C. e i termini di Villanoviano I, II e III, utilizzati dagli archeologi per scandire le fasi evolutive, costituiscono partizioni convenzionali della prima età del Ferro
^Gilda Bartoloni (2012). La cultura villanoviana. All'inizio della storia etrusca (in Italian). Roma: Carocci editore.
^Giovanni Colonna (2000). "I caratteri originali della civiltà Etrusca". In Mario Torelli (ed.). Gi Etruschi (in Italian). Milano: Bompiani. pp. 25–41.
^Dominique Briquel (2000). "Le origini degli Etruschi: una questione dibattuta fin dall'antichità". In Mario Torelli (ed.). Gi Etruschi (in Italian). Milano: Bompiani. pp. 43–51.
^Gilda Bartoloni (2000). "Le origini e la diffusione della cultura villanoviana". In Mario Torelli (ed.). Gi Etruschi (in Italian). Milano: Bompiani. pp. 53–71.
^"Villanovan culture". Encyclopædia Britannica.
^"VILLANOVIANA, Cultura in "Enciclopedia dell' Arte Antica"". www.treccani.it (in Italian). Retrieved 2021-12-25.
^"La Cultura Villanoviana". TuttoStoria. Retrieved 2021-12-25.
and 26 Related for: Villanovan culture information
The Villanovanculture (c. 900–700 BC), regarded as the earliest phase of the Etruscan civilization, was the earliest Iron Age culture of Italy. It directly...
of the Roman Kingdom. Latial culture is identified by their hut-shaped burial urns. Urns of the Proto-Villanovanculture are plain and biconical, and...
relate the Villanovanculture to the Central European Urnfield culture (c. 1300–750 BC), and Hallstatt culture (which succeeded the Urnfield culture). The...
peoples of the so-called Proto-Villanovanculture (c. 1100 – c. 900 BC) part of the central European Urnfield culture system. Following this, at the beginning...
earliest evidence of a culture that is identifiably Etruscan dates from about 900 BC. This is the period of the Iron Age Villanovanculture, considered to be...
Terramare culture was a dominant component of the Proto-Villanovanculture—especially in its northern and Campanian phases and the Terramare culture has been...
collapse. The Proto-Villanovanculture dominated the peninsula and replaced the preceding Apennine culture. The Proto-Villanovans practiced cremation...
peninsula by the later Proto-Villanovanculture (1200–900 BC), and perhaps by the contemporary but more northerly Terramare culture (1700–1150 BC). Some of...
peoples of the so-called of the Proto-Villanovanculture (c. 1100-900 BC) part of the central European Urnfield culture system. Following this, at the beginning...
hypotheses. The first is the autochthonous development in situ out of the Villanovanculture, as claimed by the Greek historian Dionysius of Halicarnassus who...
first attestations of an Etruscan religion can be traced back to the Villanovanculture. Greek traders brought their religion and hero figures with them to...
identified as Etruscans. Their complex culture centered on numerous city-states that arose during the Villanovan period in the ninth century BC, and they...
Central Europe the Urnfield culture had already given way to the Hallstatt culture. In north Italy the Villanovanculture is regarded as the start of...
the Lusatian culture is found. In Italy the late Bronze Age Canegrate and Proto-Villanovancultures and the early Iron Age Villanovanculture show similarities...
region of Italy. The town was a Bronze Age settlement of the Proto-Villanovanculture, and an important Etruscan center (Velàthre, Velathri or Felathri...
material of the Villanovanculture, which was Iron Age and began about 900 BC. Except for some cities that probably began in the Proto-Villanovan, 900 is the...
12th century BC invasion from the Aegean and Anatolia imposing itself over the Villanovanculture, with some scholars claiming a relationship or at least evidence of...
Catacomb culture. In addition to the Yamnaya culture, the Catacomb culture displays links with the earlier Sredny Stog culture, the Afanasievo culture and...
Iron Age: either by autochthonous development in situ out of the Villanovanculture of Etruria in northern and central Italy, or via an eastern (Anatolian...
Scamozzina culture Polada cultureVillanovanculture Golasecca culture Este culture Ancient peoples of Italy Agnoletto, 1992, p. 18. Canegrate culture map "Canegrate...
area was home to the Apennine and Proto-Villanovancultures before the advent of the more regional Latial culture. Archaeological evidence suggests that...
burial goods remained. Este culture existed next to the VillanovanCulture in the Bologna area and the Golasecca culture in the West of the Po Valley...
BC, a fourth wave, the Proto-Villanovanculture, brought iron-working to the Italian peninsula. Proto-Villanovanculture may have been part of the central...
The Bell Beaker culture, also known as the Bell Beaker complex or Bell Beaker phenomenon, is an archaeological culture named after the inverted-bell beaker...
The Karasuk culture (Russian: Карасукская культура, romanized: Karasukskaya kul'tura) describes a group of late Bronze Age societies who ranged from the...
Global Information