Global InformationVeillonella information
| Veillonella | |
|---|---|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Bacteria
|
| Phylum: | Bacillota
|
| Class: | Negativicutes
|
| Order: | Vellionellales
|
| Family: | Veillonellaceae
|
| Genus: | Veillonella Prévot 1933
|
| Type species | |
| Veillonella parvula (Veillon & Zuber 1898) Prévot 1933
| |
| Species | |
|
See text | |
| Synonyms | |
|
"Syzygiococcus" Herzberg 1928 | |
Veillonella are Gram-negative bacteria (Gram stain pink) anaerobic cocci, unlike most Bacillota, which are Gram-positive bacteria.[1] This bacterium is well known for its lactate fermenting abilities. It is a normal bacterium in the intestines and oral mucosa of mammals. In humans they have been implicated in cases of osteomyelitis and endocarditis, for example with the species Veillonella parvula.
Veillonella dispar is the most nitrate-reducing bacterium in the oral cavity, which is beneficially anti-bacterial.[2]
When Veillonella is responsible for clinical infections in humans, it should be kept in mind that more than 70% of the strains are resistant to penicillin, while more than 95% of the strains are susceptible to amoxicillin/clavulanate.[3]
Previous studies have shown that exercise is associated with changes in microbiome composition. Specifically, Veillonella, Bacteroides, Prevotella, Methanobrevibacter, and Akkermansiaceae are in more abundance in endurance athletes.[4][5] Specifically, the study that is currently very briefly introduced in the Wikipedia page has proposed that V. atypica is beneficial for endurance performance because the high-lactate environment of the athlete provides a selective advantage for colonization by lactate metabolizing organisms, such as Veillonella.[6] Previous studies in mice have shown that propionate increases heart rate variability (HRV) and VO2 max.[7][8] It also raises the resting energy expenditure and lipid oxidation in fasted humans.[9] These modifications are beneficial for athletes because an increase in HRV indicates that the body is adapting to the exercise stimuli, indicating an increase in fitness.[10] Also, a higher VO2 max allows the athlete to produce more energy which allows them to do more work and an increase in lipid oxidation delays the initiation of glycogen depletion.[11][12]
- ^ Megrian D, Taib N, Witwinowski J, Gribaldo S (2020). "One or two membranes? Diderm Firmicutes challenge the Gram-positive/Gram-negative divide". Molecular Microbiology. 113 (3): 659–671. doi:10.1111/mmi.14469. PMID 31975449.
- ^ Mitsui T, Saito M, Harasawa R (2018). "Salivary nitrate-nitrite conversion capacity after nitrate ingestion and incidence of Veillonella spp. in elderly individuals". Journal of Oral Science. 60 (3): 405–410. doi:10.2334/josnusd.17-0337. PMID 30101819.
- ^ Di Bella S, Antonello RM, Sanson G, Maraolo AE, Giacobbe DR, Sepulcri C, Ambretti S, Aschbacher R, Bartolini L, Bernardo M, Bielli A (June 2022). "Anaerobic bloodstream infections in Italy (ITANAEROBY): A 5-year retrospective nationwide survey". Anaerobe. 75: 102583. doi:10.1016/j.anaerobe.2022.102583. hdl:11368/3020691. PMID 35568274. S2CID 248736289.
- ^ Petersen LM, Bautista EJ, Nguyen H, Hanson BM, Chen L, Lek SH, Sodergren E, Weinstock GM (December 2017). "Community characteristics of the gut microbiomes of competitive cyclists". Microbiome. 5 (1): 98. doi:10.1186/s40168-017-0320-4. ISSN 2049-2618. PMC 5553673. PMID 28797298.
- ^ Clarke SF, Murphy EF, O'Sullivan O, Lucey AJ, Humphreys M, Hogan A, Hayes P, O'Reilly M, Jeffery IB, Wood-Martin R, Kerins DM, Quigley E, Ross RP, O'Toole PW, Molloy MG (December 2014). "Exercise and associated dietary extremes impact on gut microbial diversity". Gut. 63 (12): 1913–1920. doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2013-306541. ISSN 0017-5749. PMID 25021423.
- ^ Scheiman J, Luber JM, Chavkin TA, MacDonald T, Tung A, Pham LD, Wibowo MC, Wurth RC, Punthambaker S, Tierney BT, Yang Z, Hattab MW, Avila-Pacheco J, Clish CB, Lessard S (July 2019). "Meta-omics analysis of elite athletes identifies a performance-enhancing microbe that functions via lactate metabolism". Nature Medicine. 25 (7): 1104–1109. doi:10.1038/s41591-019-0485-4. ISSN 1078-8956. PMC 7368972. PMID 31235964.
- ^ Kimura I, Inoue D, Maeda T, Hara T, Ichimura A, Miyauchi S, Kobayashi M, Hirasawa A, Tsujimoto G (2011-05-10). "Short-chain fatty acids and ketones directly regulate sympathetic nervous system via G protein-coupled receptor 41 (GPR41)". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 108 (19): 8030–8035. Bibcode:2011PNAS..108.8030K. doi:10.1073/pnas.1016088108. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 3093469. PMID 21518883.
- ^ Pluznick JL, Protzko RJ, Gevorgyan H, Peterlin Z, Sipos A, Han J, Brunet I, Wan LX, Rey F, Wang T, Firestein SJ, Yanagisawa M, Gordon JI, Eichmann A, Peti-Peterdi J (2013-03-12). "Olfactory receptor responding to gut microbiota-derived signals plays a role in renin secretion and blood pressure regulation". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 110 (11): 4410–4415. Bibcode:2013PNAS..110.4410P. doi:10.1073/pnas.1215927110. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 3600440. PMID 23401498.
- ^ Chambers ES, Byrne CS, Aspey K, Chen Y, Khan S, Morrison DJ, Frost G (April 2018). "Acute oral sodium propionate supplementation raises resting energy expenditure and lipid oxidation in fasted humans". Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism. 20 (4): 1034–1039. doi:10.1111/dom.13159. ISSN 1462-8902. PMC 5873405. PMID 29134744.
- ^ Dong JG (May 2016). "The role of heart rate variability in sports physiology". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine. 11 (5): 1531–1536. doi:10.3892/etm.2016.3104. ISSN 1792-0981. PMC 4840584. PMID 27168768.
- ^ Ranković G, Mutavdžić V, Toskić D, Preljević A, Kocić M, Nedin-Ranković G, Damjanović N (2010-02-20). "Aerobic Capacity as An Indicator in Different Kinds of Sports". Bosnian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences. 10 (1): 44–48. doi:10.17305/bjbms.2010.2734. ISSN 1840-4812. PMC 5596610. PMID 20192930.
- ^ Gemmink A, Schrauwen P, Hesselink MK (August 2020). "Exercising your fat (metabolism) into shape: a muscle-centred view". Diabetologia. 63 (8): 1453–1463. doi:10.1007/s00125-020-05170-z. ISSN 0012-186X. PMC 7351830. PMID 32529413.