Principal protocol used for transmission of datagrams across an IP network
User Datagram Protocol
Communication protocol
Abbreviation
UDP
Developer(s)
David P. Reed
Introduction
1980
Influenced
QUIC
OSI layer
Transport layer (4)
RFC(s)
RFC 768
Internet protocol suite
Application layer
BGP
DHCP (v6)
DNS
FTP
HTTP (HTTP/3)
HTTPS
IMAP
IRC
LDAP
MGCP
MQTT
NNTP
NTP
OSPF
POP
PTP
ONC/RPC
RTP
RTSP
RIP
SIP
SMTP
SNMP
SSH
Telnet
TLS/SSL
XMPP
more...
Transport layer
TCP
UDP
DCCP
SCTP
RSVP
QUIC
more...
Internet layer
IP
v4
v6
ICMP (v6)
NDP
ECN
IGMP
IPsec
more...
Link layer
ARP
Tunnels
PPP
MAC
more...
v
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In computer networking, the User Datagram Protocol (UDP) is one of the core communication protocols of the Internet protocol suite used to send messages (transported as datagrams in packets) to other hosts on an Internet Protocol (IP) network. Within an IP network, UDP does not require prior communication to set up communication channels or data paths.
UDP uses a simple connectionless communication model with a minimum of protocol mechanisms. UDP provides checksums for data integrity, and port numbers for addressing different functions at the source and destination of the datagram. It has no handshaking dialogues and thus exposes the user's program to any unreliability of the underlying network; there is no guarantee of delivery, ordering, or duplicate protection. If error-correction facilities are needed at the network interface level, an application may instead use Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) or Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) which are designed for this purpose.
UDP is suitable for purposes where error checking and correction are either not necessary or are performed in the application; UDP avoids the overhead of such processing in the protocol stack. Time-sensitive applications often use UDP because dropping packets is preferable to waiting for packets delayed due to retransmission, which may not be an option in a real-time system.[1]
The protocol was designed by David P. Reed in 1980 and formally defined in RFC 768.
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Kurose, J. F.; Ross, K. W. (2010). Computer Networking: A Top-Down Approach (5th ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson Education. ISBN 978-0-13-136548-3.
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