The unity of science is a thesis in philosophy of science that says that all the sciences form a unified whole. The variants of the thesis can be classified as ontological (giving a unified account of the structure of reality) and/or as epistemic/pragmatic (giving a unified account of how the activities and products of science work).[1] There are also philosophers who emphasize the disunity of science, which does not necessarily imply that there could be no unity in some sense but does emphasize pluralism in the ontology and/or practice of science.[1]
Early versions of the unity of science thesis can be found in ancient Greek philosophers such as Aristotle,[2][3] and in the later history of Western philosophy.[2] For example, in the first half of the 20th century the thesis was associated with the unity of science movement led by Otto Neurath,[4] and in the second half of the century the thesis was advocated by Ludwig von Bertalanffy in "General System Theory: A New Approach to Unity of Science" (1951)[5] and by Paul Oppenheim and Hilary Putnam in "Unity of Science as a Working Hypothesis" (1958).[6] It has been opposed by Jerry Fodor in "Special Sciences (Or: The Disunity of Science as a Working Hypothesis)" (1974),[7] by Paul Feyerabend in Against Method (1975) and later works,[8][9] and by John Dupré in "The Disunity of Science" (1983)[10] and The Disorder of Things: Metaphysical Foundations of the Disunity of Science (1993).[11]
Jean Piaget suggested, in his 1918 book Recherche[12] and later books, that the unity of science can be considered in terms of a circle of the sciences, where logic is the foundation for mathematics, which is the foundation for mechanics and physics, and physics is the foundation for chemistry, which is the foundation for biology, which is the foundation for sociology, the moral sciences, psychology, and the theory of knowledge, and the theory of knowledge forms a basis for logic, completing the circle,[13] without implying that any science could be reduced to any other.[14]
The unityofscience is a thesis in philosophy ofscience that says that all the sciences form a unified whole. The variants of the thesis can be classified...
Scienceofscience policy (SoSP) is an emerging interdisciplinary research area that seeks to develop theoretical and empirical models of the scientific...
(1999). Consilience: The Unityof Knowledge. New York: Vintage. ISBN 978-0-679-76867-8. Fara, Patricia (2009). "Decisions". Science: A Four Thousand Year...
The concept of team science is a field of scientific philosophy and methodology which advocates using cross-disciplinary collaboration from diverse scientific...
Unity is a spiritual organization founded by Charles and Myrtle Fillmore in 1889. It grew out of Transcendentalism and became part of the New Thought...
The science wars were a series of scholarly and public discussions in the 1990s over the social place ofscience in making authoritative claims about the...
Social science is one of the branches ofscience, devoted to the study of societies and the relationships among individuals within those societies. The...
philosophical, and political implications. Philosophers debate the nature ofscience and the general criteria for drawing the line between scientific theories...
Foundations of the UnityofScience (FUS) was published; it contains two volumes for a total of nineteen monographs published from 1938 to 1969. Creation of the...
Science education is the teaching and learning ofscience to school children, college students, or adults within the general public. The field of science...
belief that science involves the idea of the unityofscience, that there is, underlying the various scientific disciplines, basically one science about one...
reception of scientific knowledge and its epistemic and semiotic role. Similarly to cultural studies, science studies are defined by the subject of their...
Science policy is concerned with the allocation of resources for the conduct ofscience towards the goal of best serving the public interest. Topics include...
unity or Unity in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Unity is the state of being as one (either literally or figuratively). It may also refer to: Unity...
root ofunity, occasionally called a de Moivre number, is any complex number that yields 1 when raised to some positive integer power n. Roots ofunity are...
The International Conference on the Unityof the Sciences is an academic conference founded by the Unification Church new religious movement in 1968....
Science communication encompasses a wide range of activities that connect science and society. Common goals ofscience communication include informing...
2007. Unity Technologies is best known for the development ofUnity, a licensed game engine used to create video games and other applications. Unity Technologies...
Empiricism in the philosophy ofscience emphasizes evidence, especially as discovered in experiments. It is a fundamental part of the scientific method that...
realize the envisioned unityofscience by covering not only fundamental science—that is, fundamental physics—but the special sciences, too, for instance...
Criticism ofscience addresses problems within science in order to improve science as a whole and its role in society. Criticisms come from philosophy...
analyses of prize winners of scientific associations, discipline, a publisher's reputation, and its impact factor (particularly in the sciences). Publications...
integrity: violation of the scientific method and of research ethics in science, including in the design, conduct, and reporting of research. A Lancet review...
impacted theories and practices across philosophy, social sciences, and various models of scientific inquiry. While positivists emphasize independence...
any funding for scientific research, in the areas of natural science, technology, and social science. Different methods can be used to disburse funding...