Historically, the Ugrians or Ugors were the linguistic ancestors of the present-day Hungarians, and the Khanty and Mansi peoples of Western Siberia.[1][2][3][4] The name is sometimes also used in a modern context as a cover term for these three peoples.[5][6] In 19th century and early 20th century literature, they were called Ugrian Finns.[7]
The Khanty and the Mansi are collectively known as the Ob-Ugrians. They are ethnographically close to each other and live in geographic proximity with each other in the Ob River basin, mostly in the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug.[8][4]
The majority of Hungarians live in Hungary in Central Europe. They are ethnographically and culturally distant from the Ob-Ugrians, and are only related to them by a weak linguistic connection.[6]
^Sinor, Denis, ed. (1990). The Cambridge history of early Inner Asia. Cambridge University Press. pp. 230–232. ISBN 978-0-521-24304-9.
^Róna-Tas, András (1999). Hungarians and Europe in the Early Middle Ages: an introduction to early Hungarian history. Translated by Bodoczky, Nicholas. Budapest New York: Central European Univ. Press. p. 97,319. ISBN 978-963-9116-48-1.
^Kálmán, Béla (1988). "The history of Ob-Ugric languages". In Denis Sinor (ed.). The Uralic Languages: Description, History and Foreign Influences. Handbuch Der Orientalistik (Abt. 8, Vol. I). Leiden: BRILL. pp. 395–412. Thus the Ugrians had either to move north or to change nomadic animal breeding. The forefathers of the Ob-Ugrians proceeded northwards and reached the lower and middle reaches of the Ob. The Hungarians' ancestors however became animal breeders.
^ abSkribnik, Elena; Laakso, Johanna (2022). "Ugric: General introduction". In Bakró-Nagy, Marianne; Laakso, Johanna; Skribnik, Elena K. (eds.). The Oxford guide to the Uralic languages. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 523–524. doi:10.1093/oso/9780198767664.003.0028. ISBN 978-0-19-876766-4.
^Hajdú, Péter (1975). Finno-Ugrian Languages and Peoples. London: Deutsch. p. 106. ISBN 978-0-233-96552-9.
^ abWixman, Ronald (1984). The peoples of the USSR : an ethnographic handbook. Armonk, N.Y. : M.E. Sharpe. p. 205. ISBN 978-0-585-23536-3.
^Baynes, T. S., ed. (1879). "Finland" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. IX (9th ed.). New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. p. 219. Ugrian Finns include the Voguls [...], the Ostyaks [...] and the Magyars of Hungary
^Wixman, Ronald (1984). The peoples of the USSR : an ethnographic handbook. Armonk, N.Y. : M.E. Sharpe. p. 131. ISBN 978-0-585-23536-3.
pp. 395–412. Thus the Ugrians had either to move north or to change nomadic animal breeding. The forefathers of the Ob-Ugrians proceeded northwards and...
The Ugric or Ugrian languages (/ˈjuːɡrɪk, ˈuː-/ or /ˈjuːɡriən, ˈuː-/) are a proposed branch of the Uralic language family. Ugric includes three subgroups:...
nations in Siberia. This became known as the Cal-Ugrian Theory. Sadovszky elaborates the Cal-Ugrian theory in his 1996 book. The theory describes the...
Baltic Finns Permians Also known as Volga Finnic peoples and Volga Finno-Ugrians Golden, Peter B. (2011). Central Asia in World History. New York: Oxford...
pre-planned manner, with a long move-in between 862–895. According to the Finno-Ugrian theory, they originated from an ancient Uralic-speaking population that...
populated by Finno-Ugrian peoples. From the 7th century onwards, the incoming East Slavs slowly assimilated the native Finno-Ugrians. The establishment...
ancient Ugrians are associated with the Mezhovskaya culture, and were influenced by the Iranian Sarmatians and Saka, as well as later Xiongnu. The Ugrians also...
"defence". Prior to arriving in Europe the Hungarians, and other Finno-Ugrians, embraced the Indo-Iranian cult of the dead, Yima/Yama, and would have...
Siberia is a vast region spanning the northern part of the Asian continent and forming the Asiatic portion of Russia. As a result of the Russian conquest...
Bulgaria was a multi-ethnic state with large numbers of Bulgars, Finno-Ugrians, Varangians and East Slavs. Its strategic position allowed it to create...
Udmurtia. Until the early 20th century, the Ugrians were also considered to be a branch of Finns (as "Ugrian Finns"), but such terminology is not in use...
speakers from the south. The woodland population is the ancestor of the modern Ugrian inhabitants of Trans-Uralia. Other researchers say that the Khanty people...
Johanna (2005) Our otherness: Finno-Ugrian approaches to women's studies, or vice versa, Volume 2 of Finno-Ugrian studies in Austria, LIT Verlag Münster...
in the Turkic societies, Taï societies (Ivory Coast), Eskimo, among Ob-Ugrians and others. In tribal societies, the dual exogamy union lasted for many...
Kucinskas V (1994). "Low frequency of the delta F508 mutation in Finno-Ugrian and Baltic populations". Human Heredity. 44 (3): 169–171. doi:10.1159/000154210...
Lithuania and Poland." "Salo Baron, who incorrectly viewed them as Finno-Ugrians, believed that the Khazars 'sent many offshoots into the unsubdued Slavonic...
Standa Krupar Studies in Siberian Shamanism and Religions of the Finno-Ugrian Peoples by Aado Lintrop, Folk Belief and Media Group of the Estonian Literary...
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