Occitan female troubadours of the 12th and 13th centuries
A medieval depiction of Comtessa de Diá
A chantar m'er
The only existing song by a trobairitz which survives with music, by Comtessa de Diá.
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The trobairitz (Occitan pronunciation:[tɾuβajˈɾits]) were Occitan female troubadours of the 12th and 13th centuries, active from around 1170 to approximately 1260.[1]Trobairitz is both singular and plural.[2]
The word trobairitz is first attested in the 13th-century romance Flamenca.[3] It comes from the Provençal word trobar, the literal meaning of which is "to find", and the technical meaning of which is "to compose".[4] The word trobairitz is used very rarely in medieval Occitan, as it does not occur in lyrical poetry, grammatical treatises or in the biographies (vidas) of the trobairitz or troubadours.[5] It does occur in the treatise Doctrina d'acort by Terramagnino da Pisa, written between 1282 and 1296. He uses it as an example of a word the plural and singular of which are the same.[2]
Trobairitz composed, wrote verses, and performed for the Occitan noble courts. They are exceptional in musical history as the first known female composers of Western secular music; all earlier known female composers wrote sacred music.[6] The trobairitz were part of courtly society, as opposed to their lower class counterparts the joglaressas.[7] Although troubadours sometimes came from humble origins—Bernart de Ventadorn might have been the son of a castle's baker—the trobairitz were usually nobly born. The most important trobairitz were Alamanda de Castelnau, Azalais de Porcairagues, Maria de Ventadorn, Tibors, Castelloza, Garsenda de Proença, Gormonda de Monpeslier, and the Comtessa de Diá.
^Schulman, Jana K. (2002). The Rise of the Medieval World 500–1300. Westport, Conn: Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 111. ISBN 978-0-313-30817-8
^ abElizabeth W. Poe, "Cantairitz e Trobairitz: A Forgotten Attestation of Old Provençal »Trobairitz«," Romanische Forschungen, 114, 2 (2002), pp. 206–215, at 207: "which are correctly used only with flexional endings in all numbers ... trobayritz" (sol per us de parladura en totz los nombres ... trobayritz). Poe, 210, n. 15, notes that "TROBAIRITZ is the same in the singular and plural of all cases".
^The Occitan scholar Pierre Bec incorrectly believed it to be a hapax legomena.
^Bruckner 1995, xi The French phrase "bien trouvé" ("well found") still denotes an apt expression.
^Paden
^Kibler, William W. (1995). Medieval France: An Encyclopedia
existing song by a trobairitz which survives with music, by Comtessa de Diá. Problems playing this file? See media help. The trobairitz (Occitan pronunciation:...
is etymologically masculine, a female troubadour is usually called a trobairitz. The troubadour school or tradition began in the late 11th century in...
"Partings", the 6th season finale of Gilmore Girls, where she played a trobairitz looking for her big break. (Rajskub had previously appeared on Gilmore...
Commons has media related to Troubadours. This is a list of troubadours and trobairitz, men and women who are known to have composed lyric verse in the Old Occitan...
for the influential poetry of the medieval troubadours (trobadors) and trobairitz: At that time, the language was understood and celebrated throughout most...
Die), possibly named Beatritz or Isoarda (fl. c. 1175 or c. 1212), was a trobairitz (female troubadour). She is only known as the comtessa de Dia in contemporary...
Na Castelloza (fl. early 13th century) was a noblewoman and trobairitz from Auvergne. According to her later vida, Castelloza was the wife of Turc de Mairona...
Troubadour & Trobairitz* Aimeric de Peguilhan Arnaut Daniel Arnaut de Mareuil Bernart de Ventadorn Bertran de Born Castelloza Cerverí de Girona Comtessa...
2003 album by Carol Welsman The Language of Love, classical album by Duo Trobairitz - Faye Newton (soprano) and Hazel Brooks (vielle) The Language of Love...
Lombarda (born c. 1190) was an early 13th-century trobairitz from Toulouse (fl. 1217–1262) known only from her vida and a short tenso. Though her name...
punishment was two years of penance. Bieiris de Romans was a 13th-century trobairitz who wrote a canso to another woman, Maria, cited below. Thus I pray you...
Troubadour & Trobairitz* Aimeric de Peguilhan Arnaut Daniel Arnaut de Mareuil Bernart de Ventadorn Bertran de Born Castelloza Cerverí de Girona Comtessa...
and Queen of Leon Beatriz de Dia (born c. 1140), the most famous of the trobairitz, female troubadours Beatriz Allende (1943–1977), Chilean Socialist politician...
Troubadour & Trobairitz* Aimeric de Peguilhan Arnaut Daniel Arnaut de Mareuil Bernart de Ventadorn Bertran de Born Castelloza Cerverí de Girona Comtessa...
Alamanda was a trobairitz whose only surviving work is a tenso with Giraut de Bornelh called S'ie us qier conseill, bella amia Alamanda. In the past she...
of 20th-century classical composers List of women film score composers Trobairitz women troubadours Category:Women composers Women in music Notes Print...
from two main sources. First, there was the poetry of the troubadour and trobairitz, who began the tradition of courtly love, known by its then contemporary...
Troubadour & Trobairitz* Aimeric de Peguilhan Arnaut Daniel Arnaut de Mareuil Bernart de Ventadorn Bertran de Born Castelloza Cerverí de Girona Comtessa...
bishop of Puy-en-Velay, France, 1251–1255 Maria de Ventadorn, a French trobairitz from the end of the 12th century Guy de Ventadour, a bishop of Vabres...
Troubadour & Trobairitz* Aimeric de Peguilhan Arnaut Daniel Arnaut de Mareuil Bernart de Ventadorn Bertran de Born Castelloza Cerverí de Girona Comtessa...
Troubadour & Trobairitz* Aimeric de Peguilhan Arnaut Daniel Arnaut de Mareuil Bernart de Ventadorn Bertran de Born Castelloza Cerverí de Girona Comtessa...
restored her to her lover, Ponset d'Aguilar. Albert's wife was possibly the trobairitz known only as Ysabella. Ara'm digatz senher Raimbauz, si vos agrada at...
Nonetheless, they were well-known. Bertran's tenso with an anonymous trobairitz, "Bona dompna, d'una re quieus deman", has been translated into English...
d'Aurenga of the trobar ric style was influenced by Marcoat. The only trobairitz (female troubadour) to use the trobar clus with mastery was Lombarda around...
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