A cut sample of trachyte, with phenocrysts of sanidine, in a wall in Germany
Composition
Classification
Felsic
Primary
Alkali feldspar
Secondary
Plagioclase, quartz, or feldspathoid
Texture
Aphanitic
Equivalents
Intrusive variant is syenite
Trachyte (/ˈtreɪkaɪt,ˈtræk-/) is an extrusive igneous rock composed mostly of alkali feldspar. It is usually light-colored and aphanitic (fine-grained), with minor amounts of mafic minerals,[1] and is formed by the rapid cooling of lava enriched with silica and alkali metals.[2][3][4] It is the volcanic equivalent of syenite.[5]
Trachyte is common wherever alkali magma is erupted, including in late stages of ocean island volcanism[6][7] and in continental rift valleys,[8] above mantle plumes,[9] and in areas of back-arc extension.[10] Trachyte has also been found in Gale crater on Mars.[11]
Trachyte has been used as decorative building stone[12] and was extensively used as dimension stone in the Roman Empire and the Republic of Venice.[13]
^Macdonald, Gordon A. (1983). Volcanoes in the sea : the geology of Hawaii (2nd ed.). Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. ISBN 0824808320.
^LE BAS, M. J.; STRECKEISEN, A. L. (1991). "The IUGS systematics of igneous rocks". Journal of the Geological Society. 148 (5): 825–833. Bibcode:1991JGSoc.148..825L. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.692.4446. doi:10.1144/gsjgs.148.5.0825. S2CID 28548230.
^"Rock Classification Scheme - Vol 1 - Igneous" (PDF). British Geological Survey: Rock Classification Scheme. 1: 1–52. 1999. Retrieved 23 September 2020.
^"CLASSIFICATION OF IGNEOUS ROCKS". Archived from the original on 30 September 2011.
^Philpotts, Anthony R.; Ague, Jay J. (2009). Principles of igneous and metamorphic petrology (2nd ed.). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. p. 140. ISBN 9780521880060.
^MacDonald 1983, pp. 51-52
^Cite error: The named reference philpotts-ague-2009-ioalk was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Kresten, Peter; Troll, Valentin R. (2018). The Alnö Carbonatite Complex, Central Sweden. GeoGuide. Springer International Publishing. ISBN 978-3-319-90223-4.
^Philpotts and Ague 2009, pp. 390-394
^Pe-Piper, G.; Piper, D.J.W. (2005). "The South Aegean active volcanic arc: relationships between magmatism and tectonics". Developments in Volcanology. 7: 113–133. doi:10.1016/S1871-644X(05)80034-8. ISBN 9780444520463.
^Sautter, Violaine; Toplis, Michael J.; Beck, Pierre; Mangold, Nicolas; Wiens, Roger; Pinet, Patrick; Cousin, Agnes; Maurice, Sylvestre; LeDeit, Laetitia; Hewins, Roger; Gasnault, Olivier; Quantin, Cathy; Forni, Olivier; Newsom, Horton; Meslin, Pierre-Yves; Wray, James; Bridges, Nathan; Payré, Valérie; Rapin, William; Le Mouélic, Stéphane (June 2016). "Magmatic complexity on early Mars as seen through a combination of orbital, in-situ and meteorite data". Lithos. 254–255: 36–52. Bibcode:2016Litho.254...36S. doi:10.1016/j.lithos.2016.02.023.
^Troll, Valentin R.; Carracedo, Juan Carlos (2016). "The Geology of Fuerteventura". The Geology of the Canary Islands: 531–582. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-809663-5.00008-6. ISBN 9780128096635.
^Germinario, Luigi; Siegesmund, Siegfried; Maritan, Lara; Mazzoli, Claudio (November 2017). "Petrophysical and mechanical properties of Euganean trachyte and implications for dimension stone decay and durability performance". Environmental Earth Sciences. 76 (21): 739. Bibcode:2017EES....76..739G. doi:10.1007/s12665-017-7034-6. S2CID 133942939.
Trachyte (/ˈtreɪkaɪt, ˈtræk-/) is an extrusive igneous rock composed mostly of alkali feldspar. It is usually light-colored and aphanitic (fine-grained)...
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with secondary quartz. Recent trachyte tuffs are found on the Rhine (at Siebengebirge), in Ischia and near Naples. Trachyte-carbonatite tuffs have been...
alkali basalt, hawaiite, trachybasalt, benmoreite, tristanite, mugearite, trachyte, comendite and pantellerite were deposited by multiple eruptions of the...
Paektu Mountain, also known as Changbaishan, on the border of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea and China erupted in late 946 CE. This event is...
vents were active. The volcanoes are all surmounted by rocks composed of trachyte, phonolite, pantellerite, or comendite. Their activity has been attributed...
lobe of the Mount Bird icecap. It descends steeply in the valley north of Trachyte Hill and Harrison Bluff in the center of the ice-free area on the lower...
being of intermediate composition. The extrusive equivalent of syenite is trachyte. The feldspar component of syenite is predominantly alkaline in character...
basalts and hawaiites, but nephelinite, basanite and peralkaline phonolite, trachyte and comendite are locally abundant. These rocks were deposited by volcanic...
a pit crater. Namely, the trachyte magma, which formed the Baengnokdam trachyte, was elevated on the dome, and the trachyte magma formed lava dome at...
Mount Gibraltar Trachyte Quarries Complex is a heritage-listed former stone quarry on Mount Gibraltar at Oxley Drive, Bowral, Wingecarribee Shire, New...
Leyva Canyon Volcano is an extinct trachyte Shield Volcano located in Big Bend Ranch State Park in western Presidio County, Texas. Last erupted in the...
atypical for oceanic islands, ranging from basalt through trachyandesite and trachyte to rhyolite. Ascension has a hot desert climate (BWh, according to the...
"Studien aus den ungarisch-siebenbürgischen Trachytgebirgen" [Studies of the trachyte mountains of Hungarian Transylvania]. Jahrbuch der Kaiserlich-Königlichen...
basaltic lava flows, but the southwestern part of Inaccessible has numerous trachyte domes and flows. Nightingale Island, and nearby Middle and Stoltenhoff...
range from ultramafic (nephelinites, basanites and tephrites) to felsic (trachytes). They are more likely to be generated at greater depths in the mantle...
entablature. All the other buildings in the sanctuary were made out of trachyte, but the visible part of the temple was made of marble, or at least had...
erosion processes, the island's highlands, formed of granite, schist, trachyte, basalt (called jaras or gollei), sandstone and dolomite limestone (called...
Philip R.; Smellie, John L. (September 1997). "Petrogenesis of a Phonolite-Trachyte Succession at Mount Sidley, Marie Byrd Land, Antarctica". Journal of Petrology...
of fissural alkali basalt. This cycle continued with the emission of trachytes, phonolites and peralkaline rocks. This period was followed by one of...
limestones of Tertiary age were intruded by apatite-rich porphyritic trachytes and mafic rock. Supergene alteration fractured the rock and converted...
basalt and trachyte Hawaiite – Volcanic rock – a sodic type of trachybasalt, typically formed by ocean island (hot spot) volcanism Trachyte – Extrusive...
composition. Although similar to trachyte, keratophyre's plagioclase component is richer in sodium than the plagioclase found in trachyte. Keratophyre forms lava...
Saint Irmgardis found a final resting place in the St. Agnes' Chapel. Her trachyte sarcophagus is considered to be created by the cathedral masons' guild...
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