This article is about the mineral. For the color, see Turquoise (color). For other uses, see Turquoise (disambiguation).
This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Turquoise" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR(June 2022) (Learn how and when to remove this message)
Turquoise
General
Category
Phosphate minerals
Formula (repeating unit)
CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O
IMA symbol
Tqu[1]
Strunz classification
8.DD.15
Crystal system
Triclinic
Crystal class
Pinacoidal (1) (same H–M symbol)
Identification
Colour
Turquoise, blue, blue-green, green
Crystal habit
Massive, nodular
Cleavage
Perfect on {001}, good on {010}, but cleavage rarely seen
Fracture
Conchoidal
Mohs scale hardness
5–6
Luster
Waxy to subvitreous
Streak
Bluish white
Diaphaneity
Opaque
Specific gravity
2.6–2.9
Optical properties
Biaxial (+)
Refractive index
nα = 1.610 nβ = 1.615 nγ = 1.650
Birefringence
+0.040
Pleochroism
Weak
Fusibility
Fusible in heated HCl
Solubility
Soluble in HCl
References
[2][3][4]
Turquoise is an opaque, blue-to-green mineral that is a hydrous phosphate of copper and aluminium, with the chemical formula CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O. It is rare and valuable in finer grades and has been prized as a gemstone for millennia due to its hue.
Like most other opaque gems, turquoise has been devalued by the introduction of treatments, imitations, and synthetics into the market. The robin egg blue or sky blue color of the Persian turquoise mined near the modern city of Nishapur, Iran, has been used as a guiding reference for evaluating turquoise quality.[5]
^Warr, L. N. (2021). "IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols". Mineralogical Magazine. 85 (3): 291–320. Bibcode:2021MinM...85..291W. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43. S2CID 235729616.
^Hurlbut, Cornelius S.; Klein, Cornelis (1985). Manual of Mineralogy (20th ed.). New York: John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-0-471-80580-9.
^Turquoise, Mindat.org, retrieved 2006-10-04. "Turquoise: Turquoise mineral information and data". Archived from the original on 2006-11-12. Retrieved 2006-10-04.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link).
^Anthony, John W.; Bideaux, Richard A.; Bladh, Kenneth W.; Nichols, Monte C., eds. (2000). "Turquoise" (PDF). Handbook of Mineralogy. Vol. IV. Chantilly, Virginia: Mineralogical Society of America. ISBN 978-0-9622097-3-4. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2012-02-11.
^"Turquoise Quality Factors". Gemological Institute of America.
Turquoise is an opaque, blue-to-green mineral that is a hydrous phosphate of copper and aluminium, with the chemical formula CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O. It...
Look up turquoise coast in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Turquoise Coast may refer to: Turkish Riviera, Turkiye Turquoise Coast (Western Australia)...
The turquoise ribbon is a symbol for promoting Native American reparations Addiction Recovery Bone Tumor Awareness (musculoskeletal tumors & lesions,...
The Isuzu Turquoise, known as Turkuaz (Turkish pronunciation: [ˈtuɾkuaz]) in Turkey, is a 26/31 seater intercity midibus produced by Anadolu Isuzu. For...
Turquoise Partners (Persian: گروه مالی فیروزه) is a privately-owned international financial services group based in Iran which was established in 2005...
Turquoise Line or Blue Green Line may refer to: Turquoise Line (London) Turquoise Line (New York) Turquoise Line (Paris) Turquoise Line (Vancouver) Blue...
Turquoise Pool is a hot spring in the Midway Geyser Basin of Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming. Turquoise Pool has a temperature between 142 and 160 °F...
The turquoise tanager (Tangara mexicana) is a medium-sized passerine bird in the tanager family Thraupidae. It is a resident bird from Trinidad, much...
The Turquoise Throne or Takht-i-Firoza (Hindustani: Takht-e-fīrozā, Telugu: Vaiḍhūrya simhāsanam) was a famous jewel-studded royal throne of the Bahmani...
"white turquoise" or "white buffalo turquoise," or the derived name "white buffalo stone" and is used to produce jewelry similar to how turquoise is used...
Royal Navy have been named HMS Turquoise. HMS Turquoise (1876), an Emerald-class corvette in service 1876–1892 HMS Turquoise (1893), a fleet messenger sunk...
In ancient civilizations, turquoise, valued for its aesthetic appeal, served as a highly regarded precious gem. Turquoise comes in a variety of shades...
Turquoise Rose is a 2007 independent drama film co-written and directed by Holt Hamilton that takes place on the Navajo Nation. Turquoise Rose was filmed...
The blue danio, Kerr's danio or turquoise danio (Danio kerri), is a tropical fish belonging to the genus Danio in family Cyprinidae. The blue danio is...
the X11 color named turquoise. Turquoise is the name of a greenish blue color, based on the gem of the same name. The word turquoise comes from the French...
The turquoise parrot (Neophema pulchella) is a species of parrot in the genus Neophema native to Eastern Australia, from southeastern Queensland, through...
Blue or Bisbee turquoise refers to the turquoise that comes from copper mines located in the vicinity of Bisbee, Arizona. Bisbee turquoise can be found...
The turquoise jay (Cyanolyca turcosa) is a species of bird in the family Corvidae. The turquoise jay is a vibrant blue jay with a black face mask and collar...
The Fairy with Turquoise Hair (Italian: La Fata dai Capelli Turchini; often simply referred to as The Blue Fairy, La Fata Turchina) is a fictional character...
from bluish white, light-blue, light-green, green-blue, turquoise blue, turquoise green, turquoise blue-green, deep green, dark green, to deep blue, dark...
Turquoise Jeep Records is an independent record label founded by rappers Flynt Flossy and Whatchyamacallit. It is best known for its YouTube videos including...
species is endemic to a small area of Tanzania. Common names include turquoise dwarf gecko, William's dwarf gecko and, in the pet trade, electric blue...
Ixia viridiflora, also known as turquoise ixia, is a tall member of the genus Ixia. It comes from around the Tulbagh in South Africa, Cape Province. It...
The Turquoise Mountain Foundation is a non-governmental organization legally established in Scotland. It takes its name from Turquoise Mountain and initially...
Global Information
