Ruling dynasty of Burma (Myanmar) from the mid-16th century to 1752
This article is about the dynasty that ruled Myanmar between the 16th and 18th centuries. For the Toungoo period (တောင်ငူ ခေတ်), as used in traditional Burmese historiography, see First Toungoo Empire.
Toungoo dynasty
တောင်ငူမင်းဆက် taungnguumainn saat
1510–1752
Toungoo Empire at its greatest extent (1580)
The restored Taungoo or Nyaungyan Dynasty c. 1650
Capital
Toungoo (Taungoo) (1510–39) Pegu (Bago) (1539–99) Ava (Inwa) (1599–1613) Pegu (Bago) (1613–35) Ava (Inwa) (1635–1752)
Common languages
Official Burmese
Regional
Thai, Pak Tai (Ayutthaya)
Mon (Lower Burma)
Shan (Shan states)
Lanna (Lan Na)
Lao (Lan Xang)
Meithei (Manipur)
Religion
Official Theravada Buddhism
Minority
Animism
Christianity
Hinduism
Islam
Government
Absolute Monarchy
• 1485-1530
Mingyi Nyo
• 1530–50
Tabinshwehti
• 1550–81
Bayinnaung
• 1605–28
Anaukpetlun
• 1629–48
Thalun
• 1733–52
Mahadhammaraza Dipadi
Legislature
Hluttaw
History
• Founding of dynasty
1485
• Independence from Ava
16 October 1510
• First Toungoo Empire
1510–1599
• Restored Taungoo Empire
1599–1752
• End of dynasty
23 March 1752
Population
• Census
1,982,000 - 2,313,000[citation needed]
Currency
Ganza kyat and silver kyat
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Ava Kingdom
Hanthawaddy Kingdom
Shan states
Lan Na Kingdom
Restored Hanthawaddy Kingdom
Konbaung dynasty
History of Myanmar
Prehistory of Myanmar 11,000–200 BCE
Pyu city-states 200 BCE – 1050 CE
(Sri Ksetra Kingdom, Tagaung Kingdom)
Mon kingdoms 825?–1057? CE
(Thaton Kingdom)
Arakanese kingdoms 788?–1406
Pagan Kingdom 849–1297
Early Pagan Kingdom 849–1044
Warring states period
Upper Myanmar 1297–1555
Myinsaing and Pinya Kingdoms 1297–1365
Sagaing Kingdom 1315–1365
Kingdom of Ava 1365–1555
Prome Kingdom 1482–1542
Hanthawaddy Kingdom 1287–1539, 1550–1552
Shan States 1215–1563
Kingdom of Mrauk U 1429–1785
Toungoo dynasty 1510–1752
First Toungoo Empire 1510–1599
Nyaungyan Restoration 1599–1752
Restored Hanthawaddy 1740–1757
Konbaung dynasty 1752–1885
British colonial period 1824–1948
Anglo-Burmese Wars 1824–1885
Resistance movement 1885–1895
Nationalist movement 1900–1948
Japanese occupation 1942–1945
Modern era 1948–present
AFPFL government 1948–1962
Ne Win dictatorship 1962–1988
SLORC / SPDC junta 1988–2010
Political reforms 2011–2015
SAC junta 2021–present
Timeline
List of capitals
Leaders
Royal chronicles
Military history
Military rule
Myanmar portal
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The Toungoo dynasty (Burmese: တောင်ငူမင်းဆက်, [tàʊɰ̃ŋùmɪ́ɰ̃zɛʔ]; also spelt Taungoo dynasty), and also known as the Restored Toungoo dynasty, was the ruling dynasty of Burma (Myanmar) from the mid-16th century to 1752. Its early kings Tabinshwehti and Bayinnaung succeeded in reunifying the territories of the Pagan Kingdom for the first time since 1287 and in incorporating the Shan States for the first time, in addition to including Manipur, Chinese Shan States, Siam and Lan Xang.[1] At its peak, the Toungoo Empire was the largest and strongest empire in Southeast Asia. However, it collapsed in the 18 years following Bayinnaung's death in 1581.
The dynasty quickly regrouped under the leadership of Nyaungyan Min and his son, Anaukpetlun, who succeeded in restoring a smaller, more manageable kingdom, encompassing Lower Burma, Upper Burma, Shan States and Lan Na by 1622. The Restored Toungoo kings, now based in Ava (Inwa), created a legal and political system whose basic features would continue under the Konbaung dynasty well into the 19th century. The crown completely replaced the hereditary chieftainships with appointed governorships in the entire Irrawaddy valley and greatly reduced the hereditary rights of Shan chiefs. Its trade and secular administrative reforms built a prosperous economy for more than 80 years.
The kingdom entered a gradual decline due to the "palace rule" of its kings. Starting from the 1720s, the kingdom was beset with raids by the Meitei people of the Chindwin River, and a rebellion in Chiang Mai. Raids by the Meitei intensified in the 1730s, reaching increasingly deeper parts of central Burma. In 1740, the Mon people in Lower Burma began a rebellion, founding the Restored Hanthawaddy Kingdom. The Hanthawaddy armies captured Inwa in 1752 and ended the 266-year-old Toungoo dynasty.
^Lieberman, Victor B. (14 July 2014). Burmese Administrative Cycles: Anarchy and Conquest, c. 1580-1760. Princeton University Press. p. 16. ISBN 978-1-4008-5585-8. Archived from the original on 26 September 2021. Retrieved 18 January 2021.
The Toungoodynasty (Burmese: တောင်ငူမင်းဆက်, [tàʊɰ̃ŋù mɪ́ɰ̃ zɛʔ]; also spelt Taungoo dynasty), and also known as the Restored Toungoodynasty, was the...
First Toungoo Empire (Burmese: တောင်ငူ ခေတ်, [tàʊɴŋù kʰɪʔ]; also known as the First ToungooDynasty, the Second Burmese Empire or simply the Toungoo Empire)...
Karens of Lower Burma, against the ToungooDynasty of Ava in Upper Burma. The rebellion succeeded in expelling Toungoo loyalists and restored the Mon-speaking...
centuries. It was the premier military force in the 16th century when the Toungoodynasty built the largest empire in the history of Southeast Asia. The centuries-long...
Chinese Ming dynasty annexed today's Yunnan in the 1380s, stamping out the final Shan resistance by the 1440s. In the south, the Toungoodynasty captured...
alliances and constant wars. In the second half of the 16th century, the Toungoodynasty (1510–1752) reunified the country, and founded the largest empire in...
Burmese history and continued the administrative reforms begun by the Toungoodynasty, laying the foundations of the modern state of Burma. The reforms,...
king of Burma (Myanmar) from 1530 to 1550, and the founder of the First Toungoo Empire. His military campaigns (1534–1549) created the largest kingdom...
fell to Toungoo forces on 22 January 1555 (Tuesday, 2nd waxing of Tabaung 916 ME) per (Maha Yazawin Vol. 2 2006: 221). Ava had two prior dynastic changes...
deputy Bayinnaung captured Mawlamyine. During the reign of Bayinnaung, Toungoo Empire became the largest empire in the history of Southeast Asia. After...
Taungoo".[citation needed] The city is famous in Burmese history for the Toungoodynasty which ruled the country for over 200 years between the 16th and 18th...
Kingdom. Hanthawaddy forces sacked Ava in 1752, ending the 266-year-old ToungooDynasty. After the fall of Ava, the Konbaung–Hanthawaddy War involved one resistance...
March 1752, its forces captured Ava, and ended the 266-year-old Toungoodynasty. A new dynasty called Konbaung led by King Alaungpaya rose in Upper Burma to...
1549) was viceroy of Toungoo (Taungoo) from 1540 to 1549 during the reign of his son-in-law King Tabinshwehti of Toungoodynasty. He was also the father...
November] 1600), was king of the Toungoodynasty of Burma (Myanmar) from 1581 to 1599. He presided over the collapse of the First Toungoo Empire, the largest empire...
chronicle, identify Minkhaung I of Toungoo as an ancestor (paternal great-great grandfather) of King Bayinnaung of ToungooDynasty. He may also be the historical...
unchanged down to the precolonial period although later dynasties, especially the Toungoodynasty, did introduce standardisation and other modifications...
was the Burmese queen of Toungoodynasty of Kingdom of Ava (modern day Upper Burma) and the Meitei princess of Ningthouja dynasty of Kangleipak (Manipur...
independent following the collapse of the first Toungoodynasty, in 1599. The Restored Toungoodynasty under King Nyaungyan and King Anaukpetlun recovered...
Kingdom, the Kingdom of Ava, the Hanthawaddy Kingdom, the Toungoodynasty and the Konbaung dynasty in chronological order. The army was one of the major armed...
on the 55 styles of hairdressing. After the conquest of Siam by the Toungoodynasty, Thailand became a Burmese colony. This conquest incorporated many...
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