Total synthesis is the complete chemical synthesis of a complex molecule, often a natural product, from simple, commercially-available precursors.[1][2][3][4] It usually refers to a process not involving the aid of biological processes, which distinguishes it from semisynthesis. Syntheses may sometimes conclude at a precursor with further known synthetic pathways to a target molecule, in which case it is known as a formal synthesis. Total synthesis target molecules can be natural products, medicinally-important active ingredients, known intermediates, or molecules of theoretical interest. Total synthesis targets can also be organometallic or inorganic,[5][6] though these are rarely encountered. Total synthesis projects often require a wide diversity of reactions and reagents, and subsequently requires broad chemical knowledge and training to be successful.
Often, the aim is to discover a new route of synthesis for a target molecule for which there already exist known routes. Sometimes, however, no route exists, and chemists wish to find a viable route for the first time. Total synthesis is particularly important for the discovery of new chemical reactions and new chemical reagents, as well as establishing synthetic routes for medicinally important compounds.[7]
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^Cite error: The named reference Nicolaou1 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference Nicolaou2 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference Nicolaou3 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Schaak, Raymond (22 April 2013). "Emerging Strategies for the Total Synthesis of Inorganic Nanostructures". Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 52 (24): 6154–6178. doi:10.1002/anie.201207240. PMID 23610005. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
^Woodward, R. B. (1963). "Versuche zur Synthese des Vitamins B12". Angewandte Chemie. 75 (18): 871–872. Bibcode:1963AngCh..75..871W. doi:10.1002/ange.19630751827.
^Cite error: The named reference armaly was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
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