Subdiscipline of chemistry, focusing on carbon compounds
This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Organic chemistry" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR(September 2023) (Learn how and when to remove this message)
Line-angle representation
Ball-and-stick representation
Space-filling representation
Three representations of an organic compound, 5α-Dihydroprogesterone (5α-DHP), a steroid hormone. For molecules showing color, the carbon atoms are in black, hydrogens in gray, and oxygens in red. In the line angle representation, carbon atoms are implied at every terminus of a line and vertex of multiple lines, and hydrogen atoms are implied to fill the remaining needed valences (up to 4).
Part of a series on
Chemistry
Science of matter
Index
Outline
Glossary
History (timeline)
Key components
Matter
Phase
Bond
Chemical reaction
Ion
Acid–base reaction
Redox
Chemical equilibrium
Chemical law
Branches
Analytical chemistry
Biochemistry
Organic chemistry
Inorganic chemistry
Physical chemistry
Research
Chemist (list)
List of chemistry awards
List of journals
List of unsolved problems
Chemistry portal
Category
v
t
e
Organic chemistry is a subdiscipline within chemistry involving the scientific study of the structure, properties, and reactions of organic compounds and organic materials, i.e., matter in its various forms that contain carbon atoms.[1] Study of structure determines their structural formula. Study of properties includes physical and chemical properties, and evaluation of chemical reactivity to understand their behavior. The study of organic reactions includes the chemical synthesis of natural products, drugs, and polymers, and study of individual organic molecules in the laboratory and via theoretical (in silico) study.
The range of chemicals studied in organic chemistry includes hydrocarbons (compounds containing only carbon and hydrogen) as well as compounds based on carbon, but also containing other elements,[1][2][3] especially oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorus (included in many biochemicals) and the halogens. Organometallic chemistry is the study of compounds containing carbon–metal bonds.
In addition, contemporary research focuses on organic chemistry involving other organometallics including the lanthanides, but especially the transition metals zinc, copper, palladium, nickel, cobalt, titanium and chromium.
Organic compounds form the basis of all earthly life and constitute the majority of known chemicals. The bonding patterns of carbon, with its valence of four—formal single, double, and triple bonds, plus structures with delocalized electrons—make the array of organic compounds structurally diverse, and their range of applications enormous. They form the basis of, or are constituents of, many commercial products including pharmaceuticals; petrochemicals and agrichemicals, and products made from them including lubricants, solvents; plastics; fuels and explosives. The study of organic chemistry overlaps organometallic chemistry and biochemistry, but also with medicinal chemistry, polymer chemistry, and materials science.[1]
^ abcClayden, J.; Greeves, N. and Warren, S. (2012) Organic Chemistry. Oxford University Press. pp. 1–15. ISBN 0-19-927029-5.
^Elschenbroich, C. (2006) Organometallics 3rd Ed., Wiley-VCH
^Morrison, Robert T.; Boyd, Robert N. and Boyd, Robert K. (1992) Organic Chemistry, 6th ed., Benjamin Cummings. ISBN 978-0136436690.
Organicchemistry is a subdiscipline within chemistry involving the scientific study of the structure, properties, and reactions of organic compounds...
frequently considered organic, and fullerene chemistry is usually considered a branch of organicchemistry. The methods of organic synthesis have been applied...
nomenclature of organicchemistry is a method of naming organic chemical compounds as recommended by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC)...
Heterocyclic organicchemistry is the branch of organicchemistry dealing with the synthesis, properties, and applications of organic heterocycles. Examples...
Physical organicchemistry, a term coined by Louis Hammett in 1940, refers to a discipline of organicchemistry that focuses on the relationship between...
This timeline of biology and organicchemistry captures significant events from before 1600 to the present. c. 520 BC – Alcmaeon of Croton distinguished...
processes. Organicchemistry (outline) – study of the structure, properties, composition, mechanisms, and reactions of organic compounds. An organic compound...
outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to organicchemistry: Organicchemistry is the scientific study of the structure, properties, composition...
The Journal of OrganicChemistry, colloquially known as JOC, is a peer-reviewed scientific journal for original contributions of fundamental research...
In organicchemistry, a condensation reaction is a type of chemical reaction in which two molecules are combined to form a single molecule, usually with...
Organic reactions are chemical reactions involving organic compounds. The basic organicchemistry reaction types are addition reactions, elimination reactions...
Bioorganic chemistry is a scientific discipline that combines organicchemistry and biochemistry. It is that branch of life science that deals with the...
Nomenclature of OrganicChemistry, commonly referred to by chemists as the Blue Book, is a collection of recommendations on organic chemical nomenclature...
Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry is a weekly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering all aspects of organicchemistry, including organic aspects of chemical...
chemical compounds that are not carbon-based, which are the subjects of organicchemistry. The distinction between the two disciplines is far from absolute...
Organic reductions or organic oxidations or organic redox reactions are redox reactions that take place with organic compounds. In organicchemistry oxidations...
contributions to analytical chemistry included the development of systematic elemental analysis by Justus von Liebig and systematized organic analysis based on...
system for organic compounds. The ideas that were formulated at that conference evolved into the official IUPAC nomenclature of organicchemistry. IUPAC stands...
Organometallic chemistry is the study of organometallic compounds, chemical compounds containing at least one chemical bond between a carbon atom of an organic molecule...
for Organic Synthesis, 2004. doi:10.1002/047084289X.rt181.pub2 Holleman, Arnold Frederik; Wiberg, Egon (2001), Wiberg, Nils (ed.), Inorganic Chemistry, translated...
, 1994, p. 1394 Smith, Michael B.; March, Jerry (2007), Advanced OrganicChemistry: Reactions, Mechanisms, and Structure (6th ed.), New York: Wiley-Interscience...
Nobel Prize for Chemistry for several total syntheses including his synthesis of strychnine, is regarded as the grandfather of modern organic synthesis. Some...
Global Information
